3D geometry and architecture of a normal fault zone in poorly lithified sediments: A trench study on a strand of the Baza Fault, central Betic Cordillera, south Spain

Medina-Cascales, Iván; Koch, Leah; Cardozo, Néstor; Martı́n-Rojas, Iván; Alfaro, P.; García-Tortosa, Francisco J.

doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2019.02.003

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The surface expression of the BF consists of a fault array whose width and number of fault strands vary along strike. Fault strands with larger displacements within this fault array define a footwall block, a central block and a hanging wall block (Medina-Cascales et al, 2019).…”

Section: Geological Setting Of the Baza Faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometry and kinematics of the Baza Fault (central Betic Cordillera, South Spain): insights into its seismic potential

Medina-Cascales

Martı́n-Rojas

García-Tortosa

et al. 2020

GeA

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The geometry and kinematics of active faults have a significant impact on their seismic potential. In this work, a structural characterization of the active Baza Fault (central Betic Cordillera, southern Spain) combining surface and subsurface data is presented. Two sectors are defined based on their surface geometry: a northern sector striking N–S to NNW–SSE with a narrow damage zone and a southern sector striking NW–SE with a wide damage zone. A kinematic analysis shows pure normal fault kinematics along most of the fault. Geometric differences between the northern and southern sectors are caused by i) a heterogeneous basement controlling the fault geometry at depth and in the cover; ii) different orientations of the Baza Fault in the basement with respect to the regional extension direction and iii) interaction with other active faults. We use this structural characterization to analyse the segmentation of the Baza Fault. According to segmentation criteria, the entire Baza Fault should be considered a single fault seismogenic segment. Consequently, the seismic potential of the fault is defined for a complete rupture. Magnitude for the Mmax event is calculated using several scale relationships, obtaining values ranging between Mw 6.6 and Mw 7.1. Recurrence times range between approximately 2,000 and 2,200 years for Mmax events and between 5,300 and 5,400 years for palaeo-events. A geodetic scenario modelled for an Mmax event of Mw 6.7 shows permanent vertical displacements of more than 0.40m and an overall WSW–ENE extension during entire ruptures of the Baza Fault.

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Section: Geological Setting Of the Baza Faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometry and kinematics of the Baza Fault (central Betic Cordillera, South Spain): insights into its seismic potential

Medina-Cascales

Martı́n-Rojas

García-Tortosa

et al. 2020

GeA

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“…The ENE-WSW extension in the central Betic Cordillera (Figures 1 and 2) is mainly accommodated by NW-SE extensional fault zones, primarily affecting the Alboran Domain [35]. The main ones include the Baza Fault zone in the northeast [102], the Almería-Tabernas Fault zone in the east [103], the Balanegra Fault in the south [101], and the extensional system of the Granada Basin in the west (Figure 1b) [104]. The extensional system of the Granada Basin (Figures 1 and 2) accommodates the extension of the central Betic Cordillera [30,105] and affects the upper crust of the Alboran Domain as well as the South Iberian Domain, rooting into a detachment zone at a depth of approximately 10-15 km [104].…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Collapse in the Central Betic Cordillera: Development of the Extensional System of the Granada Basin

et al. 2023

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The Betic Cordillera was formed by the collision between the Alboran Domain and the South Iberian paleomargin in the frame of the NW–SE convergent Eurasia–Nubia plate boundary. The central region is undergoing a heterogeneous extension that has not been adequately analysed. This comprehensive study addressed it by collecting structural geologic, seismologic, and geodetic data. The region west of the Sierra Nevada is deformed by the extensional system of the Granada Basin, which facilitates E–W to NE–SW extension. Moreover, the southern boundary of Sierra Nevada is affected by a remarkable N–S extension related to E–W normal to normal–dextral faults affecting the shallow crust. However, geologic and geodetic data suggest that the western and southwestern Granada Basin boundary constitutes a compressional front. These data lead to the proposal of an active extensional collapse from the uplifted Sierra Nevada region to the W–SW–S, over an extensional detachment. The collapse is determined by the uplift of the central Betics and the subsidence in the Alboran Basin due to an active subduction with rollback. Our results indicate that the central Betic Cordillera is a good example of ongoing extensional collapse in the general context of plate convergence, where crustal thickening and thinning simultaneously occur.

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“…As a three-dimensional geological body with a complex internal structure, faults may exert different effects on fluid migration under different conditions [4][5][6][7][8]. In general, during the period from the beginning of fault activity to rock creep and crack closure, a fault mainly acts as a conduit for transporting fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Favourable Hydrocarbon Transport Pathways of the Jiuzhou Fault in Langgu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

Liu

et al. 2023

Processes

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The Jiuzhou fault in the Langgu Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin is a significant oil-source fault that connects source rocks and reservoirs, and thus it can transport oil and gas during the hydrocarbon accumulation period. The hydrocarbon distribution characteristics along the strike of the Jiuzhou fault differ distinctly, indicating that the transport capacity in different fault segments is also different. In this study, we focused on analyzing the fault development characteristics to accurately predict the location of favorable hydrocarbon transport pathways on the Jiuzhou fault. We found that the zones superimposed by paleo relay ramps developed before hydrocarbon accumulation, active faulting areas during hydrocarbon accumulation, and transport ridges of the fault are favourable along-fault locations for transporting hydrocarbons. Based on this idea and 3D seismic data, we investigated the distribution of the paleo relay ramps of the Jiuzhou fault and the fault activity rate during hydrocarbon accumulation using the maximum throw subtraction method. Then, the burial depth contour was employed to search hydrocarbon transport ridges of the fault and therefore predict the location of favourable hydrocarbon transport pathways of the Jiuzhou fault. The prediction results show that there are totally 4 favorable hydrocarbon transport pathways, where hydrocarbons are more likely to migrate vertically and finally accumulate in the overlying formations. In addition, the pathway locations of the Jiuzhou fault are consistent with the hydrocarbon distribution in the study area, demonstrating that this method is reliable and feasible for predicting the favorable hydrocarbon transport pathways of oil-source faults.

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3D geometry and architecture of a normal fault zone in poorly lithified sediments: A trench study on a strand of the Baza Fault, central Betic Cordillera, south Spain

Abstract: 3D geometry and architecture of a normal fault zone in poorly lithified sediments: A trench study on a strand of the Baza Fault, central Betic Cordillera, south Spain

Cited by 15 publications

References 75 publications

Geometry and kinematics of the Baza Fault (central Betic Cordillera, South Spain): insights into its seismic potential

Geometry and kinematics of the Baza Fault (central Betic Cordillera, South Spain): insights into its seismic potential

Active Collapse in the Central Betic Cordillera: Development of the Extensional System of the Granada Basin

Prediction of Favourable Hydrocarbon Transport Pathways of the Jiuzhou Fault in Langgu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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