3D analysis of catchment basins by incorporating modified dilution correction equations in geochemical anomaly delineation

Single‐element Anomaly Mapping from Stream Sediment Geochemical Landscapes Aided by Digital Terrain Analysis

“…In order to map geochemical anomalies in stream sediment SCBs, lithology and downstream dilution phenomena should be taken into account in processing and analysing the data. Since the 1970s, many researchers studied different geochemical and geomorphic aspects of stream sediment samples, in order to quantify and correct the influence of lithological background and downstream dilution phenomena (Hawkes, 1976;Bonham-Carter et al, 1987;Spadoni, 2006;Mokhtari and Garousi Nezhad, 2015;Farahbakhsh et al, 2019;Najafian et al, 2020). However, the most highly cited research on downstream dilution of stream sediment chemical composition is the work by Hawkes (1976), who proposed the following equation to depict the relationship between element content (C a ) in a catchment (with area of A a ) and assumed anomalous element content (C m ) from a mineralized source with area of A m :…”

“…In this regard, many methods have been proposed for anomaly mapping in discrete field geochemical data. These methods include analyses by sample catchment basins (SCB) (Bonham-Carter and Goodfellow, 1984;Bonham-Carter et al, 1987;Carranza and Hale, 1997;Carranza 2008Carranza , 2010aAbdolmaleki et al, 2014;Ghezelbash et al, 2019;Shahrestani et al, 2019;Najafian et al, 2020), stream orders (Carranza, 2004), extended sample catchment basins (ESCB) (Spadoni, 2006) and weighted drainage catchment basins (WDCB) (Yousefi et al, 2013;Farahbakhsh et al, 2019). In these methods, the value within each discrete field that is linked to each sample is the same, thus precluding 'mathematical interference' between neighboring samples (Lancianese and Dinelli, 2015).…”