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Raichenko, A. I.

doi:10.1023/a:1011340517132

Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics

2000

DOI: 10.1023/a:1011340517132

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A. I. Raichenko

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“…Recently, Deng et al [24] have shown that the diffusion coefficient governs the densification of the powders. Thus, if we consider the Kirkendall pore of a diameter (R), then the temperature gradient (∇T) around it can be estimated using the following formula [31,32]:…”

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Localized pore evolution assisted densification during spark plasma sintering of nanocrystalline W-5wt.%Mo alloy

Srivastav¹,

Chawake²,

Yadav³

et al. 2019

Scripta Materialia

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The present work reports the role of different atomic mobility induced localized pore evolution on densification during spark plasma sintering of nanocrystalline W-Mo alloy powder. The shrinkage (or expansion) behavior of cold compacted milled powders was studied using dilatometry during non-isothermal sintering up to 1600 °C. Subsequently, the milled powders were densified to ~95% relative density using spark plasma sintering up to 1600 °C. The enhanced localized Joule heating due to dynamically evolved porous structure could be attributed for the densification during spark plasma sintering.Spark plasma sintering (SPS) has shown a great promise over the last few decades due to several advantages than the conventional sintering processes, such as densifying variety of materials to fully dense structure at a lower temperature in a short duration of time with a possibility of retaining the fine grain structure [1][2][3]. These benefits are primarily attributed to localized heating mechanism [4,5]. However, localized heating mechanisms are highly dependent on the nature of contact between the particles in due course of sintering process of conductive materials. It has been established that the localized heating and electrosintering mechanisms will be highest and largely contributing at the initial stages of sintering (with more point contacts and higher current) and gradually decreases with time [6,7]. The nature

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confidence: 99%

“…The temperature gradient around the pores generates the vacancy gradient (∇Cv) and the vacancy flux (J) is given by the following equation [31,32]:…”

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confidence: 99%

Localized pore evolution assisted densification during spark plasma sintering of nanocrystalline W-5wt.%Mo alloy

Srivastav¹,

Chawake²,

Yadav³

et al. 2019

Scripta Materialia

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Capacitor Electrical Discharge Consolidation of Metallic Powders—A Review

Aranda

Fernández

Lozano-Pérez

et al. 2021

Metals

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Manufacturing metallic materials from elemental or alloyed powders is an option in many industrial processes. Nevertheless, the traditional powder metallurgy processing including furnace sintering is at times detrimental for the microstructure attained in the powders. Alternative sintering processes based on the use of electricity and the energy obtained by the Joule effect in powder particles can be quick enough to avoid microstructural changes. In particular, when the energy is stored in a capacitor and then discharged, the heating process is extremely quick, lasting milliseconds or even microseconds. This process, generally known as electrical discharge consolidation, has been applied to a wide variety of metallic materials, easily preserving the original microstructure of the powders. Both porous or homogeneous and highly densified material can be obtained, and without losing the desired properties of the consolidated material. A general overview of the process and applications, as well as the results obtained by different research groups around the world, have been reviewed in this manuscript.

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Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Localized pore evolution assisted densification during spark plasma sintering of nanocrystalline W-5wt.%Mo alloy

Localized pore evolution assisted densification during spark plasma sintering of nanocrystalline W-5wt.%Mo alloy

Capacitor Electrical Discharge Consolidation of Metallic Powders—A Review

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