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Emotional and Cognitive Coping in Relationship Dissolution

“…This finding supports prior studies that found maladaptive outcomes in relation to utilization of these two constructs (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2008;Ottenbreit & Dobson, 2002;Segerstrom et al, 2000). Rumination and avoidance are symptoms associated with DSM-IV recognized disorders, namely depression, PTSD, and anxiety (Blalock & Joiner, 2000;Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991). Chung et al (2003) demonstrated that participants who had experienced a breakup showed avoidance at significantly higher levels than medical students, historically a stressed sample.…”

“…It has been related to excessive worry and generalized anxiety disorder (Sexton & Dugas, 2008). Blalock & Joiner (2000) found that cognitive avoidance had a moderating relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms. In another model, cognitive-processing theory hypothesizes the benefits of reframing a negative event to find insight, a course which avoidance techniques actively disrupt (Frattaroli, 2006).…”

An Examination of the Reciprocal Relationship Between Avoidance Coping and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression

“…Based on these frameworks, considerable evidence has accumulated finding that avoidance coping, and in particular, cognitive avoidance coping, is a risk factor for depressive symptoms using both cross-sectional (e.g., Connor-Smith & Compas, 2002;Ingram, Trenary, Odom, Berry, & Nelson, 2007) and prospective methodologies (Blalock & Joiner, 2000;Carvalho & Hopko, 2011;Holahan et al, 2005). For example, Blalock and Joiner (2000) examined whether the interaction of cognitive avoidance coping, gender, and negative life events measured at Time 1 would predict symptoms of depression independently over a three-week period among 179 undergraduates.…”

“…For example, Blalock and Joiner (2000) examined whether the interaction of cognitive avoidance coping, gender, and negative life events measured at Time 1 would predict symptoms of depression independently over a three-week period among 179 undergraduates. Results showed that high levels of avoidance coping predicted depressive symptoms, but only among females who reported high levels of negative life events.…”

“…However, much of the coping literature has either used anxiety as a control variable to examine the relationship between depression and coping (e.g., Carvalho & Hopko, 2011;Moulds et al, 2007), or has analyzed anxiety and depression separately (e.g., Blalock & Joiner, 2000). Because anxiety may influence the development of depression (e.g., Chaplin, Gillham, & Seligman, 2009;Judah et al, 2013), studying avoidance coping while taking into consideration the mutual effects of anxiety and depression would be an important next step in the literature.…”