A hydroelectric dam borrow pit rehabilitation. Two decades after the project, what went wrong?

Souza, Yuri A. Figueiredo de; Leite, Mariângela Garcia Praça; Fujaco, Maria Augusta Gonçalves

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112850

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…High BD values may indicate a condition of soil degradation, compromising porosity and water holding capacity. A study conducted by Souza et al [63] on cerrado soils in Brazil investigated the effects of soil degradation on BD. The results showed that degraded areas had significantly higher BD values compared to preserved areas.…”

Section: Pedogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for Mapping Soil Carbon Stock in the Gilbués Desertification Region at Brazilian Cerrado

Sousa,

Silva,

Martins

et al. 2023

Land

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The carbon stock (C Stock) is a key soil attribute, especially in areas under degradation. The objective of this study was to map the C Stock and other physical and chemical attributes on the soil surface of a micro-watershed located in the Gilbués Desertification Nucleus and to calibrate pedometric functions to map them, applying spectra obtained by Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) in the near-infrared (NIR) region. This study was developed in the Piripiri Stream Micro-watershed (PSMW), which presents different levels of degradation. A total of 214 composite soil samples were collected from the 0–0.10 m depth layer. Spectral and laboratory analyses were performed following traditional methods. The results from 100 samples were subjected to descriptive analysis, pedometric modeling, and geostatistics, while the remainder were used exclusively for the prediction and modeling of the predicted attribute maps. C Stock ranged from 0.3 to 11%, with the highest values associated with the least sandy sites. We assert that stakeholders, including government agencies, could utilize DRS for mapping main soil attributes, such as C Stocks, soil granulometry, or total organic carbon, in regions characterized by similar parent material and soil properties. This application can support informed decision-making regarding land management in extensive areas facing soil threats.

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Section: Pedogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for Mapping Soil Carbon Stock in the Gilbués Desertification Region at Brazilian Cerrado

Sousa,

Silva,

Martins

et al. 2023

Land

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“…The removal of vegetation and topsoil likely suppressed entire ant colonies and the substrates of nest sites. The degraded areas were then abandoned after the completion of the dam construction, and gradually, the absence of vegetation and the action of torrential rainfall triggered laminar and linear erosive processes, which created rills, ravines and even gullies (Souza et al, 2021). To recover the vegetation, the company used a mixture of seeds from exotic grasses and legume species and planted seedlings ($40,000 seedlings of 30 species of native trees) 20 years ago, distributed over the degraded areas.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the soil in the region has a high concentration of clay and, especially in the degraded habitats; it is more compacted (with lower macroporosity) and impoverished in terms of organic matter and nutrients due to disturbance (Souza et al, 2021). The climate is of the Aw type, characterised by humid summers and dry winters (Alvares et al, 2013).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil disturbance impacts on ant‐diaspore multilayer networks in a tropical savanna

Coelho

Antonini

Costa

2022

Ecological Entomology

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1. Current anthropogenic disturbances have changed natural environments, broadly impacting ecosystem services and functions. Here, the authors focused on the secondary dispersal of diaspores by ants, which serve an important ecological function in the natural regeneration of degraded habitats. 2. The authors experimentally studied the effects of vegetation suppression and soil disturbance on (i) diaspore removal, (ii) the quality of secondary removal, and (iii) the structure of interaction networks between ants and diaspores. The authors tested whether the disturbance affected the species richness of seed removers, diaspore removal rate, removal distance and time, and removal effectiveness. Additionally, the authors tested whether the structure of ant‐diaspore networks, that is, specialisation, modularity and robustness, is altered by soil disturbance. To do that, the authors studied three degraded and three preserved areas in the Brazilian Cerrado. 3. The authors observed 25 ant species interacting with the diaspores. Disturbance did not affect ant species richness, removal distance or removal rate, but ants took twice as long to remove the diaspores in the preserved habitat. The frequency of interaction networks was higher in the preserved habitat, and the effectiveness of species in removing the diaspores differed between habitats. Surprisingly, the authors observed that ants considered effective dispersers mostly occurred in degraded habitats, highlighting the potential of myrmecochory in the regeneration of impacted environments. 4. The findings point to the potential of ants in acting as secondary seed dispersal, improving the restoration of areas highly impacted by soil disturbance. Moreover, this study contributes to understanding the effects of anthropogenic disturbances on ecological interactions and ecosystem functions.

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“…As a result, plant colonization is slow and considered to be akin to primary succession, and vascular plants have difficulty becoming established ( Hugron et al., 2011 ). Finally, the soil properties in borrow pits (oligotrophic conditions, soil compaction, low pH, low moisture level and low cation exchange capacity) limit the establishment and growth of tree seedlings ( Stone and Elioff, 1998 ; de Souza et al., 2021 ). Borrow pits have poor soil structure, which can lead to strong negative feedback ( Bergmann et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does wood mulch trigger microbially mediated positive plant-soil feedback in degraded boreal forest sites? A post hoc study

et al. 2023

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IntroductionReforestation of degraded lands in the boreal forest is challenging and depends on the direction and strength of the plant-soil feedback (PSF).MethodsUsing a gradient in tree productivity (null, low and high) from a long-term, spatially replicated reforestation experiment of borrow pits in the boreal forest, we investigated the interplay between microbial communities and soil and tree nutrient stocks and concentrations in relation to a positive PSF induced by wood mulch amendment.ResultsThree levels of mulch amendment underlie the observed gradient in tree productivity, and plots that had been amended with a continuous layer of mulch 17 years earlier showed a positive PSF with trees up to 6 m tall, a closed canopy, and a developing humus layer. The average taxonomic and functional composition of the bacterial and fungal communities differed markedly betweenlow- and high-productivity plots. Trees in high-productivity plots recruited a specialized soil microbiome that was more efficient at nutrient mobilization and acquisition. These plots showed increases in carbon (C), calcium (Ca), nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and phosphorus (P) stocks and as well as bacterial and fungal biomass. The soil microbiome was dominated by taxa from the fungal genus Cortinarius and the bacterial family Chitinophagaceae, and a complex microbial network with higher connectivity and more keystone species supported tree productivity in reforested plots compared to unproductive plots.DiscussionTherefore, mulching of plots resulted in a microbially mediated PSF that enhances mineral weathering and non-symbiotic N fixation, and in turn helps transform unproductive plots into productive plots to ensure rapid restoration of the forest ecosystem in a harsh boreal environment.

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A hydroelectric dam borrow pit rehabilitation. Two decades after the project, what went wrong?

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for Mapping Soil Carbon Stock in the Gilbués Desertification Region at Brazilian Cerrado

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for Mapping Soil Carbon Stock in the Gilbués Desertification Region at Brazilian Cerrado

Soil disturbance impacts on ant‐diaspore multilayer networks in a tropical savanna

Does wood mulch trigger microbially mediated positive plant-soil feedback in degraded boreal forest sites? A post hoc study

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