Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous, Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts of Areca Nut Fruit on Selected Bacteria

Abstract

Today, the tendency to use of natural preservatives to increase food security has expanded. In the present study, antibacterial effects of Areca Nut fruit extracts were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Enterobacter aerogenes bacteria using agar disc diffusion technique. Methanol, ethanol, and water were used as solvents for extraction by maceration method, and extracts were analyzed by GC-MS. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using microtiter broth dilution method to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results revealed that all ATCC strains were significantly inhibited by ethanolic and methanolic extracts. Escherichia coli produced a significantly larger zone of inhibition for Gentamicin ( 35 ± 0.65 mm ) and Penicillin ( 25 mm ± 0.56 ), while Enterobacter aerogenes produced smaller zone of inhibition for Gentamicin (20 ± 0.87 mm) and Penicillin ( 15 ± 0.87 mm ). Also, methanolic extract had considerable antibacterial activity with MIC value of 1.56 mg/mL against Escherichia coli. All of extracts were used to evaluate antibacterial effects in prepared cake, and as a result, all pathogenies were the most sensitive by methanolic extract in 100 mg/L of concentration except Escherichia coli that were more sensitive by ethanolic extract. In conclusion, the Areca Nut fruit extracts may be used as a natural preservative in food industries. Future studies should focus on the effect of Areca Nut fruit extracts in bakery and drinking industries.

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Areca Nut Polyphenol Extracts on RAW264.7 Cells

“…The areca nut alkaloids have been reported to have reproductive toxicity and ROS production [ 33 , 34 ]. On the other hand, the extracts of areca nut were reported to have antioxidant potential [ 35 , 36 ], and antibacterial activity [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Bioactive Components of Areca Nut: An Overview of Their Positive Impacts Targeting Different Organs

“…So they can be used to prevent and control the postharvest anthracnose disease in mangoes, even better than the commercial fungicide benomyl [ 182 ]. The methanol extract of areca nut has an anti-bacterial effect on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and is especially effective against the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli [ 18 ]. The volatile components of areca nut have anti-bacterial properties as well.…”

“…Modern studies have isolated and identified the bioactive components of areca nut, including arecoline, procyanidin, luteolin, and catechin. They possess a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-depression, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, and anti-oxidant effects [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Optimization of synergic antibacterial activity of Punica granatum L. and Areca nut (P.G.L.A.N) extracts through response surface methodology

“…To this end, samples from each well where no bacterial growth was observed were cultured on Müller Hinton agar medium and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. The cultured plates were examined for bacterial growth. MBC was considered the lowest concentration in which no bacterial growth was observed 15,16 .…”