The associations of the Palaeolithic diet alone and in combination with lifestyle factors with type 2 diabetes and hypertension risks in women in the E3N prospective cohort

Shah, Sanam; MacDonald, Conor‐James; Fatouhi, Douae El; Mahamat‐Saleh, Yahya; Mancini, Francesca Romana; Fagherazzi, Guy; Severi, Gianluca; Boutron‐Ruault, Marie‐Christine; Laouali, Nasser

doi:10.1007/s00394-021-02565-5

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This meta-analysis found that even with short-term consumption, the PD contributed to normalizing blood pressure, improving lipid profile, with a reduction in total cholesterol (TC), TG, and LDL-C and increased HDL-C, sensitivity to insulin and glucose tolerance, and decreased body weight, fat mass, and WC. These results were also confirmed by Shah et al ( 19 ) in a French prospective study, in which the PD and adherence to a Paleolithic lifestyle proved to be favorable alternatives for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Furthermore, it has been suggested that adherence to the PD was associated with a lower chance of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress ( 30 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…The Paleolithic diet score was constructed as discordance between diet during the Paleolithic period and the present era (17,18). However, considering the cumulative association between diet and lifestyle factors, studies have used this score alone or in combination with lifestyle factors (Paleolithic-like lifestyle score) in relation to the incidence of some chronic diseases and mortality, showing inverse associations (17)(18)(19). However, studies investigating the relationship between these scores in the NAFLD are still scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adherence to a Paleolithic Diet in Combination With Lifestyle Factors Reduces the Risk for the Presence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundEvidence suggests the role of changing traditional lifestyle patterns, such as Paleolithic, to the modern lifestyle in the incidence and epidemic of chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between the Paleolithic diet (PD) and the Paleolithic-like lifestyle and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among an adult population.Materials and MethodsThis case-control study was carried out among 206 patients with NAFLD and 306 healthy subjects aged >18 years. PD score was evaluated using a validated 168-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire. In addition, to calculate the Paleolithic-like lifestyle score, the components of physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status of the participants were combined with the score of the PD.ResultsThe mean PD and Paleolithic-like lifestyle scores were 38.11 ± 5.63 and 48.92 ± 6.45, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, higher scores of adherence to the PD diet conferred a protection for the presence of NAFLD [odds ratio (OR): 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.28–0.98; P for trend = 0.021]. Furthermore, PD and healthy lifestyle habits were negatively associated with NAFLD (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.23–0.78; P for trend = 0.007).ConclusionOur data suggest that the PD alone and in combination with lifestyle factors was associated with decreased risk of NAFLD in a significant manner in the overall population. However, prospective studies are needed to further investigate this association.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to a Paleolithic Diet in Combination With Lifestyle Factors Reduces the Risk for the Presence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study

et al. 2022

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“…Longer duration RCTs with larger sample sizes are needed, but one large‐scale epidemiological study used 20 years of prospective data on more than 70,000 women, applying a “Paleolithic diet score” and a “Paleolithic‐like lifestyle score” (physical activity, smoking status, and BMI) to baseline data. The PTD predicted T2DM and HTN risk, but the combined diet and lifestyle scores predicted them more strongly 170 …”

Section: Randomized Control Trials and Other Clinical Trials Of Hg‐li...mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The PTD predicted T2DM and HTN risk, but the combined diet and lifestyle scores predicted them more strongly. 170…”

Section: Randomized Control Trials and Other Clinical Trials Of Hg-li...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hunter‐gatherer diets and activity as a model for health promotion: Challenges, responses, and confirmations

Eaton

2023

Evolutionary Anthropology

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Beginning in 1985, we and others presented estimates of hunter‐gatherer (and ultimately ancestral) diet and physical activity, hoping to provide a model for health promotion. The Hunter‐Gatherer Model was designed to offset the apparent mismatch between our genes and the current Western‐type lifestyle, a mismatch that arguably affects prevalence of many chronic degenerative diseases. The effort has always been controversial and subject to both scientific and popular critiques. The present article (1) addresses eight such challenges, presenting for each how the model has been modified in response, or how the criticism can be rebutted; (2) reviews new epidemiological and experimental evidence (including especially randomized controlled clinical trials); and (3) shows how official recommendations put forth by governments and health authorities have converged toward the model. Such convergence suggests that evolutionary anthropology can make significant contributions to human health.

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“…Accumulating evidence has suggested that diet, behavior, or lifestyle play a significant role in the development and progression of hypertension [4,5]. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is one of the important factors attracting researchers’ attention, especially among Chinese.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported sleep-disordered breathing and insomnia in association with hypertension: a community-based study in Eastern China

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Blood Pressure Monitoring

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Objective We aimed to explore the associations of selfreported sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and insomnia with hypertension based on a community-based survey among adults in Suzhou, Eastern China. MethodsThe Suzhou Food Consumption and Health Survey was conducted from 2018 to 2019. A multistage random sampling method was used to recruit potential participants. Associations of SDB and insomnia with hypertension were examined by multivariable logistic regression models with adjustment for covariates. In addition, sensitivity analysis was used to reinforce our findings.Results A total of 2728 participants were included in the final analysis. SDB (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.44-2.34; P < 0.001) and insomnia (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.04-1.65; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with prevalent hypertension after multivariable adjustments. In the subgroup analysis by age groups and sex, the association between SDB and hypertension persisted in all groups, whereas the association between insomnia and hypertension remained significant in males and different age groups. In addition, SDB was positively correlated with DBP. Notably, participants with comorbid SDB and insomnia had the highest risk for hypertension (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.40-2.72; P < 0.001). ConclusionBoth SDB and insomnia were associated with the prevalence of hypertension among the Chinese adults, whereas the comorbid conditions conveyed the highest risk for hypertension. Our findings provide a new insight for the potential pathogenesis of hypertension and a prevention strategy of hypertension among community adults.

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The associations of the Palaeolithic diet alone and in combination with lifestyle factors with type 2 diabetes and hypertension risks in women in the E3N prospective cohort

Abstract: as well as a subsidy from the "Ministère de l'enseignement supérieur, de la recherche et de l'innovation" for public service charges under the reference n°2102 918823.

Cited by 13 publications

References 57 publications

Adherence to a Paleolithic Diet in Combination With Lifestyle Factors Reduces the Risk for the Presence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study

Adherence to a Paleolithic Diet in Combination With Lifestyle Factors Reduces the Risk for the Presence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study

Hunter‐gatherer diets and activity as a model for health promotion: Challenges, responses, and confirmations

Self-reported sleep-disordered breathing and insomnia in association with hypertension: a community-based study in Eastern China

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