Pro-angiogenic and osteogenic composite scaffolds of fibrin, alginate and calcium phosphate for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

Due to the limitations of bone autografts, we aimed to develop new composite biomaterials with pro-angiogenic and osteogenic properties to be used as scaffolds in bone tissue engineering applications. We used a porous, cross-linked and slowly biodegradable fibrin/alginate scaffold originally developed in our laboratory for wound healing, throughout which deposits of calcium phosphate (CaP) were evenly incorporated using an established biomimetic method. Material characterisation revealed the porous nature and confirmed the deposition of CaP precursor phases throughout the scaffolds. MC3T3-E1 cells adhered to the scaffolds, proliferated, migrated and differentiated down the osteogenic pathway during the culture period. Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay results showed that the scaffolds were pro-angiogenic and biocompatible. The work presented here gave useful insights into the potential of these pro-angiogenic and osteogenic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and merits further research in a pre-clinical model prior to its clinical translation.

Pro-angiogenic approach for skeletal muscle regeneration

“…Thus, a cross-linked, slowly biodegradable fibrin/alginate scaffold with calcium phosphate was developed to improve the angiogenesis. This composite biomaterial showed pro-angiogenic potential leading to increased vascularisation in chorioallantoic membranes due the faster dissolution process making calcium ions available promoting angiogenesis [293]. Other studies show that a leukocyte-and plateletrich fibrin biomaterial (platelet-rich fibrin) acts as binding site for platelets and growth factors.…”

Alginic Acid Polymer-Hydroxyapatite Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering

“…ALGH-HAP scaffolds have been prepared in conjunction with several other polymers, such as gelatin (Gel) [ 71 , 72 , 73 ], chitosan (Chit) [ 72 , 74 , 75 ], fibrin [ 76 ], polyvinyl alcohol [ 77 ], polylactic acid [ 78 , 79 ], ethyl cellulose and poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) [ 80 ] and other polymers [ 81 , 82 ]. Figure 4 shows composite ALGH-HAP scaffolds, containing Gel.…”

Fabrication of In Situ Grown Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Modified Porous Polyetheretherketone Matrix Composites to Promote Osteointegration and Enhance Bone Repair

“…Autologous bone grafts are considered the gold standard as bone implants due to their ideal osteo-inductive properties, preventing the histocompatibility problem. However, the associated risk of donor site disease and limited supplementation are disadvantages of the treatment ( Beigi et al, 2019 ; Kohli et al, 2021 ). Metals (e.g., titanium alloys) are widely used as prostheses because of the high mechanical strength and excellent frictional resistance ( Yan et al, 2018 ).…”