Ulcerative colitis: an update

Segal, Jonathan; LeBlanc, Jean-Frédéric; Hart, Ailsa

doi:10.7861/clinmed.2021-0080

Cited by 139 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…UC is a chronic disease that is increasing in incidence and prevalence every year (Segal et al., 2021 ) and is characterized by a long, incurable and recurrent course, with clinical manifestations such as bloody diarrhea, frequency, abdominal pain, weakness and fecal incontinence (Kobayashi et al., 2020 ). Oral drugs for UC treatment, such as 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and glucocorticoid hormones (GCS), are rapidly and widely absorbed in the upper GIT, and may cause a range of side effects such as diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, headache, vomiting, and rash (Nunthanid et al., 2008 ).…”

Section: Application Of Canps In Colitis Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of chitosan/alginate nanoparticle in oral drug delivery systems: prospects and challenges

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

Drug Delivery

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Oral drug delivery systems (ODDSs) have various advantages of simple operation and few side effects. ODDSs are highly desirable for colon-targeted therapy (e.g. ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer), as they improve therapeutic efficiency and reduce systemic toxicity. Chitosan/alginate nanoparticles (CANPs) show strong electrostatic interaction between the carboxyl group of alginates and the amino group of chitosan which leads to shrinkage and gel formation at low pH, thereby protecting the drugs from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and aggressive gastric environment. Meanwhile, CANPs as biocompatible polymer, show intestinal mucosal adhesion, which could extend the retention time of drugs on inflammatory sites. Recently, CANPs have attracted increasing interest as colon-targeted oral drug delivery system for intestinal diseases. The purpose of this review is to summarize the application and treatment of CANPs in intestinal diseases and insulin delivery. And then provide a future perspective of the potential and development direction of CANPs as colon-targeted ODDSs.

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Section: Application Of Canps In Colitis Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of chitosan/alginate nanoparticle in oral drug delivery systems: prospects and challenges

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

Drug Delivery

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“…A RCU é uma DII recorrente e remitente caracterizada por inflamação da mucosa que começa distalmente e pode se estender proximalmente para envolver todo o cólon. A RCU tem distribuição etária bimodal com pico de incidência na segunda ou terceira décadas e um segundo pico entre 50 e 80 anos (SEGAL JP, et al, 2021). A incidência e prevalência mundial da RCU está aumentando e agora é considerada uma doença global e para 1 em cada 3 indivíduos acometidos, sua doença culmina em uma colectomia total como resultado de falha no tratamento médico (PRAVDA J, 2019).…”

Section: Retocolite Ulcerativaunclassified

Doença de Crohn e retocolite ulcerativa

2022

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Objetivo: Analisar as características da doença de Doença de Crohn (DC) e da Retocolite Ulcerativa (RCU). Revisão bibliográfica: Pacientes com Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais (DII) apresentam comprometimento da qualidade de vida diária, já que ambas as doenças têm maior incidência em pacientes jovens, que apresentam sintomas frequentesde dor abdominal, diarreia e fezes com sangue, além de perda de peso e progressão crônica com ciclos repetidos de recaída e remissão. Acredita-se que surjam da interação de quatro fatores: ambiental, genético, microbiota e imunológico. As DII são doenças autoimunes, crônicas, que podem apresentar longos períodos de remissão ou frequentes recidivas, das quais não se conhece a etiologia. Considerações finais: A RCU afeta a mucosa colônica e do reto de forma contínua formando erosões e/ou úlceras. Enquanto a DC é caracterizada por acometimento descontínuo com comprometimento transmural e/ou fístula, podendo afetar qualquer região do trato digestório, da boca ao ânus, mas principalmente as regiões ileocecal e perianal. Dessa forma, torna-se essencial o conhecimento e diferenciação entre essas doenças a fim de propiciar diagnóstico e tratamento adequados, melhorando a qualidade de vida.

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“…At present, the pathogenesis of UC may involve imbalanced immune homeostasis, disordered intestinal flora, and inappropriate survival environment [3][4][5]. Although drugs for UC are various including hormones [6], biological agents [7], and immunosuppressants [8], during the application of these drugs, side effects such as renal impairment [9], severe infection [10], and venous thromboembolism [11] cannot be ignored. Hence, exploring novel available strategies for treating UC is urgently required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endometrial Regenerative Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Experimental Colitis through Downregulation of Intestine Ferroptosis

Zhu

Qin

Sun

et al. 2022

Stem Cells International

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Background. Endometrial regenerative cells (ERCs) have been identified to ameliorate colitis in mice; however, whether exosomes derived from ERCs (ERC-exos) own similar effects on colitis remains unclear. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell programmed death form, has been reported to promote inflammation in UC. Thus, in this study, whether ERC-exos can treat colitis and regulate intestine ferroptosis will be explored. Methods. In this study, iron, malondialdehyde (MDA) production, glutathione (GSH) synthesis, and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member (ACSL) 4 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expressions were measured in colon samples from healthy people and UC patients to explore the effects of ferroptosis. In vitro, ERC-exos were cocultured with ferroptosis inducer erastin-treated NCM460 human intestinal epithelial cell line, and ferroptotic parameters were measured. In vivo, colitis was induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in BALB/c mice, and animals were randomly assigned to normal, untreated, and ERC-exos-treated groups. The Disease Activity Index (DAI) score, histological features, tissue iron, MDA, GSH, ACSL4, and GPX4 were measured to verify the role of ERC-exos in attenuating UC. Results. Compared with healthy people, UC samples exhibited higher levels of iron, MDA, and ACSL4, while less levels of GSH and GPX4. In vitro, the CCK-8 assay showed that ERC-exos rescued erastin-induced cell death, and ERC-exos treatment significantly increased the levels of GSH and expression of GPX4, while markedly decreasing the levels of iron, MDA, and expression of ACSL4. In vivo, ERC-exos treatment effectively reduced DAI score, ameliorated colon pathological damage, and improved disease symptoms. Moreover, ERC-exos treatment further enhanced the levels of GSH and the expression of GPX4 but reduced the levels of iron, MDA, and expression of ACSL4 in the colon of colitis mice. Conclusions. Ferroptosis was involved in the pathogenesis of UC, and ERC-exos attenuated DSS-induced colitis through downregulating intestine ferroptosis. This study may provide a novel insight into treating UC in the future.

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Ulcerative colitis: an update

Cited by 139 publications

References 20 publications

Application of chitosan/alginate nanoparticle in oral drug delivery systems: prospects and challenges

Application of chitosan/alginate nanoparticle in oral drug delivery systems: prospects and challenges

Doença de Crohn e retocolite ulcerativa

Endometrial Regenerative Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Experimental Colitis through Downregulation of Intestine Ferroptosis

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