1,3,5‐Triazine: A versatile pharmacophore with diverse biological activities

Abstract

1,3,5-Triazine and its derivatives have been the epicenter of chemotherapeutic molecules due to their effective biological activities, such as antibacterial, fungicidal, antimalarial, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiamoebic, and antitubercular activities. The present review represents a summarized report of the crucial biological activities possessed by substituted 1,3,5-triazine derivatives, with special attention to the most potent compounds.

A novel star-shaped trinuclear platinum(ii) complex based on a 1,3,5-triazine core displaying potent antiproliferative activity against TNBC by the mitochondrial injury and DNA damage mechanism

“…1,3,5-Triazine is an important heterocyclic pharmacophore and its ring has been extensively explored as a scaffold for the design and construction of molecules with therapeutically useful properties. 33,34 Particularly, a great deal of attention has been paid to the development of anticancer agents based on the 1,3,5-triazine skeleton. 35 Currently, a number of 1,3,5-triazine-based compounds with remarkable antitumor activities and specific target selectivity have been reported and some of them reached clinical development.…”

Potential of triazines in Alzheimer's disease: A versatile privileged scaffold

“…The three chloro substitutions on 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine have been reported to exhibit differential reaction temperature sensitivity for nucleophilic substitutions reactions, thereby facilitating the incorporation of three different nucleophilic fragment groups on the triazine ring. [23] Majeed Ganai et al [24] have published an excellent compilation of more than 20 synthetic schemes for s-triazines with high yields.…”

Triazines: Syntheses and Inverse Electron-demand Diels–Alder Reactions

“…Notably, recent studies have extensively explored the utilization of these heterocyclic cores in drug design, development, and evaluation (Figure A). − For example, Lamotrigine, featuring the 1,2,4-triazine-3,5-diamine structural motif, is an anticonvulsant medication used to cure epilepsy and the recurrence of depressive episodes in bipolar disorder; Altretamine, featuring the 1,3,5-triazine-triamine structural motif, is an antineoplastic agent for cancers; Almitrine, featuring the 1,3,5-triazine-6-piperazinyl-2,4-diamine structural motif, is a respiratory stimulant drug . Meanwhile, triazine scaffolds, especially the trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazines, are also widely present in a large number of agrochemicals as milestone herbicides for weed control, such as Atrazin, Simazin, Prometryne, and so on (Figure B) .…”