The indirect calorimetry in very low birth weight preterm infants: An easier and reliable procedure

Perrone, Michela; Mallardi, Domenica; Tabasso, Chiara; Bracco, Beatrice; Menis, Camilla; Piemontese, Pasqua; Amato, Orsola; Liotto, Nadia; Roggero, Paola; Mosca, Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2021.111180

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…REE measurements were performed for a mean period of 37 min, with a mean steady state period of 25 min. VO2 and VCO2 (mL/kg/min) were recorded every 10 s, and values were normalized using a neonatal convertor, provided by COSMED-Italy [19]. Behavioral states were evaluated using the modified Freymond Behavioral State Scale [23].…”

Section: Indirect Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energy expenditure is often derived from predictive formulae in clinical practice, but current evidence suggests that they are not precise in their evaluation of the energy needs of children and have not been validated in preterm infants [16,17]. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is a non-invasive method to measure energy expenditure in newborns [18,19]. Indeed, IC also provides information about the oxidation of substrates for energy production [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study, conducted at our center, we demonstrated that twenty-minute IC provides results which are as reliable as two-to six-hour IC, as described in the past. This makes the exam more applicable in clinical practice [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Expenditure, Protein Oxidation and Body Composition in a Cohort of Very Low Birth Weight Infants

et al. 2021

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The nutritional management of preterm infants is a critical point of care, especially because of the increased risk of developing extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR), which is associated with worsened health outcomes. Energy requirements in preterm infants are simply estimated, so the measurement of resting energy expenditure (REE) should be a key point in the nutritional evaluation of preterm infants. Although predictive formulae are available, it is well known that they are imprecise. The aim of our study was the evaluation of REE and protein oxidation (Ox) in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) and the association with the mode of feeding and with body composition at term corrected age. Methods: Indirect calorimetry and body composition were performed at term corrected age in stable very low birth weight infants. Urinary nitrogen was measured in spot urine samples to calculate Ox. Infants were categorized as prevalent human milk (HMF) or prevalent formula diet (PFF). Results: Fifty VLBWI (HMF: 23, PFF: 27) were evaluated at 36.48 ± 0.85 post-conceptional weeks. No significant differences were found in basic characteristics or nutritional intake in the groups at birth and at the assessment. No differences were found in the REE of HMF vs. PFF (59.69 ± 9.8 kcal/kg/day vs. 59.27 ± 13.15 kcal/kg/day, respectively). We found statistical differences in the protein-Ox of HMF vs. PFF (1.7 ± 0.92 g/kg/day vs. 2.8 ± 1.65 g/kg/day, respectively, p < 0.01), and HMF infants had a higher fat-free mass (kg) than PFF infants (2.05 ± 0.26 kg vs. 1.82 ± 0.35 kg, respectively, p < 0.01), measured with air displacement plethysmography. Conclusion: REE is similar in infants with a prevalent human milk diet and in infants fed with formula. The HMF infants showed a lower oxidation rate of proteins for energy purposes and a better quality of growth. A greater amount of protein in HMF is probably used for anabolism and fat-free mass deposition. Further studies are needed to confirm our hypothesis.

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Section: Indirect Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%