Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity (EOGRT) study of benzoic acid in Sprague Dawley rats

Turnbull, Duncan; Jack, Maia M.; Coder, Prägati Sawhney; Picut, Catherine A.; Rodricks, Joseph V.

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104897

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In rats, from PND 30 onwards, the differences between male and female body weights steadily increase (Pahl, 1969[ 78 ]). In support, it has been reported that body weights in male and female Sprague Dawley rats are about 40-49 g in PND 21 and 73-84 g in PND 28 that increases to 200 and 322 g in male rats and 167 and 219 g in female rats in PND 42 and 56, respectively (Picut et al, 2014[ 85 ]; Turnbull et al, 2021[ 114 ]). Maximum growth rates occur at PND 34-38 in female (3.5 g/day) and PND 42-45 in male (5.9 g/day) rats (Pahl, 1969[ 78 ]; Gille et al, 1994-1996[ 32 ]; Watson et al, 2006[ 117 ]).…”

Section: Body Weight Changes In Ratsmentioning

confidence: 90%

The laboratory rat: age and body weight matter

Ghasemi

Jeddi

Kashfi

2021

EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc1431; ISSN 1611-2156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Body Weight Changes In Ratsmentioning

confidence: 90%

The laboratory rat: age and body weight matter

Ghasemi

Jeddi

Kashfi

2021

EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc1431; ISSN 1611-2156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The current European ADI for SB is 5 mg/kg bw, higher than those applied for QY, SY, and Azr ( Figure 3 and Supplementary Table S1 ). On the other hand, the JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) has increased the ADI of benzoic acid and its salts from 5 mg/kg bw to 20 mg/kg bw in 2021 [ 45 ]—citing a NOAEL value of 1000 mg/kg bw/day obtained during an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity (EOGRT) study on Sprague-Dawley rats [ 75 ]. The evidence on SB’s status as putative nephrotoxicant, aquatoxicant, or lipoprotein disruptor emphasizes the need to reconsider its safety levels (as well as other benzoate compounds’) in food and cosmetic products, especially for those used during pregnancy and childhood.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering Novel Bioactivities of Controversial Food Additives by Means of Simple Zebrafish Embryotoxicity (ZET) Assays

Thanh

Bich-Ngoc

Bossche

et al. 2022

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rising concerns about controversial food additives’ potential hazardous properties require extensive yet animal-minimized testing strategies. Zebrafish embryos are the ideal in vivo model representing both human and environmental health. In this study, we exposed zebrafish embryos to eight controversial food additives. Our results indicate that Sodium Benzoate is a Cat.3 aquatic toxicant, while Quinoline Yellow is a strong teratogen. At high concentrations, non-toxic chemicals induced similar phenotypes, suggesting the impact of ionic strength and the applicability of the darkened yolk phenotype as an indicator of nephrotoxicity. Three food additives showed unpredicted bioactivities on the zebrafish embryos: Brilliant Blue could weaken the embryonic yolk, Quinoline Yellow may interfere with nutrient metabolism, and Azorubine induced precocious zebrafish hatching. In conclusion, the zebrafish embryo is ideal for high throughput chemical safety and toxicity screening, allowing systematic detection of biological effects—especially those unexpected by targeted in vitro and in silico models. Additionally, our data suggest the need to reconsider the safety status of food additives Quinoline Yellow, Brilliant Blue, Sodium Benzoate, and other controversial food additives in further studies, as well as pave the way to further applications based on the newly found properties of Brilliant Blue and Azorubine.

show abstract

“…Males and females were bred 1:2 in the cage and allowed to mate for 2 weeks as described by Turnbull et al ( 23 ). The females were checked every day through vaginal smear to determine whether they had completed mating.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles affects testicular structure, reproductive development and spermatogenesis in parental and offspring male rats

Hong¹,

Shao²,

Yin³

et al. 2022

Ann Transl Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the toxicity exerted by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on rat testis and its effects on fertility and progeny development.Methods: Different concentrations of ZnO NPs were administered by gavage to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to examine the adverse effects resulting from pre-and post-natal exposure. Systemic distribution of ZnO NPs, developmental performance, sperm parameters, reproductive performance, histopathological examination, and sex hormone levels were determined scheduled in the experimental rats and their male offspring. The comparative in vitro cytotoxicity of the ZnO NPs was determined among C18-4, TM3, and TM4 cells. The toxicity exerted by ZnO NPs on germ cells in vitro and the effects on the expression of cytoskeleton and blood-testis barrier (BTB)-related proteins were also determined.Results: After oral gavage, ZnO NPs mainly accumulated in the liver and testes of rats; 350 mg/kg ZnO NPs adversely affected the epididymal weight, sperm motility, and hormone levels but did not affect the fertility of rats. In addition, 350 mg/kg ZnO NPs significantly reduced the reproductive and developmental performance of offspring male rats. Testicular histopathological and electron microscopic ultrastructure examinations showed more significant abnormal structural changes than those observed in parental rats. The results of in vitro cell experiments further showed that ZnO NPs exerted cytotoxic effects on germ cells, and led to DNA damage, nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton alterations, and could regulate actin changes through changes in LC3B.Conclusions: It is possible that ZnO NPs act directly on TM4 cells by penetrating the BTB, causing damage to the cytoskeleton and disrupting the dynamic balance of the BTB, thereby destroying the microenvironment necessary for spermatogenesis, which may lead to poor reproduction in rats.

show abstract

Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity (EOGRT) study of benzoic acid in Sprague Dawley rats

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

The laboratory rat: age and body weight matter

The laboratory rat: age and body weight matter

Discovering Novel Bioactivities of Controversial Food Additives by Means of Simple Zebrafish Embryotoxicity (ZET) Assays

Exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles affects testicular structure, reproductive development and spermatogenesis in parental and offspring male rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About