Lower Leg Arterial Calcifications Assessed by High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Hypoparathyroid and Pseudohypoparathyroid Patients

Serum biomarkers for arterial calcification in humans: A systematic review

“…Thirty-four articles published results investigating a possible association between calcium and arterial calcification ( Alagoz et al, 2014 ; Arad et al, 1998 ; Billington et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2006 ; Criqui et al, 2010 ; Foley et al, 2009 ; Grønhøj et al, 2016 ; Kim et al, 2013 ; Kwak et al, 2014 ; Liang et al, 2021 ; Nam et al, 2017 ; Nielsen et al, 2021 ; Park et al, 2011 ; Park et al, 2016 ; Shin et al, 2012 ; Tuersun et al, 2020 ; Tuttle and Short, 2009 ; Wei et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2016b ; Zagura et al, 2011 ; Barbarash et al, 2016 ; Cancela et al, 2012 ; Chai et al, 2017 ; Davaine et al, 2016 ; Diederichsen et al, 2017 ; Donate-Correa et al, 2019 ; Golovkin et al, 2016 ; Liu et al, 2019 ; Masai et al, 2013 ; Pirro et al, 2013 ; Schlieper et al, 2010 ; Torii et al, 2016 ; Awan et al, 2010 ; Razavi et al, 2021 ). Of these studies, nine reported positive associations ( Grønhøj et al, 2016 ; Kwak et al, 2014 ; Nielsen et al, 2021 ; Shin et al, 2012 ; Tuttle and Short, 2009 ; Zagura et al, 2011 ; Diederichsen et al, 2017 ; Golovkin et al, 2016 ; Awan et al, 2010 ) and 25 reported no significant association ( Alagoz et al, 2014 ; Arad et al, 1998 ; Billington et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2006 ; Criqui et al, 2010 ; Foley et al, 2009 ; Kim et al, 2013 ; Liang et al, 2021 ...…”

“…Furthermore, in patients with coronary calcification at baseline there was no association between calcium and CAC progression ( Diederichsen et al, 2017 ). Of the eight studies that showed a positive association between calcium and arterial calcification in a cross-sectional design, three were not adjusted for possible confounders ( Nielsen et al, 2021 ; Golovkin et al, 2016 ; Awan et al, 2010 ). The other five were of moderate quality of evidence ( Grønhøj et al, 2016 ; Kwak et al, 2014 ; Shin et al, 2012 ; Tuttle and Short, 2009 ; Zagura et al, 2011 ).…”

“…Thirty-five studies investigated a possible association between phosphate and arterial calcification ( Alagoz et al, 2014 ; Billington et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2006 ; Criqui et al, 2010 ; Foley et al, 2009 ; Grønhøj et al, 2016 ; Kim et al, 2013 ; Kwak et al, 2014 ; Liang et al, 2021 ; Nam et al, 2017 ; Nielsen et al, 2021 ; Park et al, 2011 ; Park et al, 2016 ; Shin et al, 2012 ; Tuersun et al, 2020 ; Tuttle and Short, 2009 ; Wei et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2016b ; Barbarash et al, 2016 ; Cancela et al, 2012 ; Chai et al, 2017 ; Diederichsen et al, 2017 ; Donate-Correa et al, 2019 ; Golovkin et al, 2016 ; Liu et al, 2019 ; Masai et al, 2013 ; Pirro et al, 2013 ; Schlieper et al, 2010 ; Torii et al, 2016 ; Awan et al, 2010 ; Razavi et al, 2021 ; Martín-Reys et al, 2016 ; Barbarash et al, 2019 ; McPherson et al, 2012 ; Park et al, 2020 ). Of these studies, fourteen reported a significant positive association ( Foley et al, 2009 ; Kim et al, 2013 ; Kwak et al, 2014 ; Park et al, 2011 ; Park et al, 2016 ; Shin et al, 2012 ; Tuersun et al, 2020 ; Tuttle and Short, 2009 ; Cancela et al, 2012 ; Diederichsen et al, 2017 ; Barbarash et al, 2019 ; McPherson et al, 2012 ; Park et al, 2020 ), three a negative association ( Chen et al, 2006 ; Kim et al, 2013 ; Razavi et al, 2021 ...…”

“…Fifteen studies reported analyses of the association of calcium‑phosphorus product and arterial calcification ( Alagoz et al, 2014 ; Foley et al, 2009 ; Kim et al, 2013 ; Kwak et al, 2014 ; Nam et al, 2017 ; Nielsen et al, 2021 ; Park et al, 2011 ; Shin et al, 2012 ; Wu et al, 2016b ; Diederichsen et al, 2017 ; Masai et al, 2013 ; Awan et al, 2010 ; Razavi et al, 2021 ; Leckstroem et al, 2014 ; Cm et al, 2009 ). Of these studies, five indicated a positive association ( Kim et al, 2013 ; Kwak et al, 2014 ; Shin et al, 2012 ; Diederichsen et al, 2017 ; Cm et al, 2009 ), one a negative association ( Razavi et al, 2021 ) and nine no significant association ( Alagoz et al, 2014 ; Foley et al, 2009 ; Nam et al, 2017 ; Nielsen et al, 2021 ; Park et al, 2011 ; Wu et al, 2016b ; Masai et al, 2013 ; Awan et al, 2010 ; Leckstroem et al, 2014 ). Of the three longitudinal studies, one showed a positive association ( Alagoz et al, 2014 ; Foley et al, 2009 ; Diederichsen et al, 2017 ).…”

Lower Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Adult Patients with Chronic Hypoparathyroidism Treated with rhPTH(1–84): A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Stimulation of gastrointestinal phosphate absorption with active vitamin D could further increase serum phosphate levels. In addition, the use of conventional therapy is frequently associated with fluctuating elevated serum calcium levels [ 11 , 42 ], which, when coupled with elevated serum phosphate levels, can further contribute to increased serum calcium-phosphate product and extraskeletal calcifications [ 43 , 44 ], which could also include vascular calcifications, resulting in cardiovascular disease. A study from Turkey reported a positive correlation between elevated phosphate level ( r = 0.449; P = 0.003) or calcium-phosphate product and pulse wave velocity ( r = 0.416; P = 0.006) in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism ( n = 42) [ 45 ].…”