Healthier schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: ventilation, testing and vaccination

Asanati, Kaveh; Voden, Louise; Majeed, Azeem

doi:10.1177/0141076821992449

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, because of people and their presence indoors, it is extremely important to ensure a proper indoor environment that prevents the transmission of pathogens (Qian et al, 2021). Studies have reported that adequate ventilation and appropriate HVAC systems can prevent the spread of the viruses; however, more research is required, particularly studies that assess ventilation in a non-hospital setting (Asanati et al, 2021;Kohanski et al, 2020;Ren et al, 2021). To err on the side of caution, some recommendations can be adapted from hospital rooms to other indoor facilities; these include (Elsaid and Ahmed, 2021) the provision of non-recirculated external air and which is changed at a high air changes per hour (ACH) (REHVA, 2021).…”

Section: Research On Ventilation Of Rooms During the Covid-19 Pandemi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adequate ventilation can be provided either by mechanical systems or by opening windows and doors (Asanati et al, 2021;Hayashi et al, 2020). However, the implementation of mechanical ventilation is indicated as the best strategy to ensure adequate air quality as ad hoc control procedures can be further proposed (Asanati et al, 2021;Stabile et al, 2021). Where possible, large airflows should be used because this dilutes the concentration of respiratory particles in the air and facilitates their removal from the indoor environment (Almilaji, 2021;Asanati et al, 2021;Li et al, 2021;Sundell et al, 2011).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the implementation of mechanical ventilation is indicated as the best strategy to ensure adequate air quality as ad hoc control procedures can be further proposed (Asanati et al, 2021;Stabile et al, 2021). Where possible, large airflows should be used because this dilutes the concentration of respiratory particles in the air and facilitates their removal from the indoor environment (Almilaji, 2021;Asanati et al, 2021;Li et al, 2021;Sundell et al, 2011). A large percentage of novel and reinfections by the SARS-CoV-2 virus have occurred due to poorly ventilated spaces (Burridge et al, 2021).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ventilation Strategy for Proper IAQ in Existing Nurseries Buildings - Lesson Learned from the Research during COVID-19 Pandemic

Ratajczak

2022

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, many recommendations were made in the field of limiting the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, from which we can learn a lesson for determining ventilation strategies in strategic types of buildings (those whose closure during a pandemic is harmful to the economy, e.g. nurseries). The research was aimed at identifying recommendations in the field of ventilation and proposing a solution that would be applicable in existing buildings intended for the care of small children, and which would ensure the proper quality of the building environment, at the same time with low costs incurred by the owners. The outside air pollution (PM10) and the climate in winter (low air temperature) were also taken into account. A strategy was proposed based on the use of decentralized units, dedicated to single rooms, thanks to which the appropriate amount of air is supplied (per person), the air is cleaned and heated in the heat recovery exchanger. It has been shown that the use of heat recovery ensures that the costs of air heating will be significantly lower than during airing. The proposed solutions require two holes in the external wall with a diameter of 160-200mm (depending on the number of people), which guarantees the technically possible application in existing buildings. The strategy provides suitable conditions for the functioning of nurseries, but can be used in many types of buildings, in cold and temperate climates, where airing of the rooms during winter is not possible, especially in the case of locations where the quality of outdoor air is very poor. The proposed strategy may be applied during a pandemic, but also on a daily basis, because by ensuring the proper quality of indoor air, young children will have healthy and hygienic conditions for development when they are not at home.

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Section: Research On Ventilation Of Rooms During the Covid-19 Pandemi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ventilation Strategy for Proper IAQ in Existing Nurseries Buildings - Lesson Learned from the Research during COVID-19 Pandemic

Ratajczak

2022

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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show abstract

“…The International Air Transport Association (IATA) decided to introduce, in addition to conventional prevention measures such as a negative test before boarding, use of face covers during the flight and careful hand hygiene, the most important novelty in terms of appropriate airing, namely fresh air recirculation and recycling in the form of High Efficiency Particulate Air [ 102 ]. Handheld HEPA filtering units appear to be an ideal solution for air filtering, placed depending on the size of the room, number and age of the people inside it [ 103 ].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Management At Schoolmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and School: To Open or Not to Open, That Is the Question. The First Review on Current Knowledge

et al. 2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented closure of schools in terms of duration. The option of school closure, SARS-CoV-2 initially being poorly known, was influenced by the epidemiological aspects of the influenza virus. However, school closure is still under debate and seems unsupported by sure evidence of efficacy in the COVID-19 era. The aim of our narrative review is to discuss the available literature on SARS-CoV-2 spread among children and adolescents, in the school setting, trying to explain why children appear less susceptible to severe disease and less involved in viral spreading. We also tried to define the efficacy of school closure, through an overview of the effects of the choices made by the various countries, trying to identify which preventive measures could be effective for a safe reopening. Finally, we focused on the psychological aspects of such a prolonged closure for children and adolescents. SARS-CoV-2, children, COVID-19, influenza, and school were used as key words in our literature research, updated to 29 March 2021. To our knowledge, this is the first review summarizing the whole current knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 spreading among children and adolescents in the school setting, providing a worldwide overview in such a pandemic context.

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An investigation on CO2 concentration based on field survey and simulation in naturally ventilated Nepalese school buildings during summer

Shrestha

Rijal

Kayo

et al. 2022

Building and Environment

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Healthier schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: ventilation, testing and vaccination

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Ventilation Strategy for Proper IAQ in Existing Nurseries Buildings - Lesson Learned from the Research during COVID-19 Pandemic

Ventilation Strategy for Proper IAQ in Existing Nurseries Buildings - Lesson Learned from the Research during COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19 and School: To Open or Not to Open, That Is the Question. The First Review on Current Knowledge

An investigation on CO2 concentration based on field survey and simulation in naturally ventilated Nepalese school buildings during summer

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