An investigation on CO2 concentration based on field survey and simulation in naturally ventilated Nepalese school buildings during summer

Shrestha, Mishan; Rijal, Hom Bahadur; Kayo, Genku; Shukuya, Masanori

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108405

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…While NV is low-maintenance and energy-free, it increases outside pollutants concentration inside the building and results in occupants’ discomfort, especially during the winter time [ 116 ]. Occupants may also need to take into account noise pollution and low air quality outside the buildings along with the security considerations especially in cities and crowded areas [ 117 ]. Filters are frequently included in MV systems, which may remove or dilute particulates from external air [ 118 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Ref. [ 117 ], the educational building sector in developed countries necessitates installing MV, considering that the provision of IAQ and IEQ rely mainly on outdoor climatic conditions when using NV. This highlights the high prevalence of indoor pollutant sources when using NV and the fact that NV is not adequate to provide fresh air supply to meet COVID-19 ventilation criteria in high-occupancy indoor environments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Energy efficient ventilation and indoor air quality in the context of COVID-19 - A systematic review

Moghadam

Ochoa

Zambrano

et al. 2023

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy efficient ventilation and indoor air quality in the context of COVID-19 - A systematic review

Moghadam

Ochoa

Zambrano

et al. 2023

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Many previous studies have used ordinary classrooms as settings to illustrate the range of changes in indoor CO2 concentrations. These studies encompassed various scenarios, including natural ventilation [15][16][17][18], mechanical ventilation [12,19], both ventilation modes combined [20][21][22] the utilization of air purifiers [23], and the implementation of a human respiratory heat model [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field and intervention study on indoor environment in professional classrooms

Lyu

2024

Build. Eng.

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To study the variation of environment in the professional classroom during lecture hours, multiple field experiments and intervention experiments on indoor and outdoor temperatures were conducted in a university professional classroom in Shaoxing during the spring. Environmental data, including indoor and outdoor temperatures, relative, and CO2 concentrations, were recorded every 5 min. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) were sampled, and indoor air quality was evaluated repeatedly. Results showed that the classroom’s average indoor air temperature ranged from 17.8–29.2 ℃, the average indoor relative humidity from 34.5%–91.0%, the average CO2 concentrations from 921.6–1805.2 ppmv, and total VOC concentrations from 330–682 ppbm. The subjective evaluation conducted during the intervention experiments indicated a significant increase in perceived odor intensity upon entering the classroom. When the CO2 concentration reached 2000 ppmv, the satisfaction and acceptability of the air quality for the subjects and invitees decreased significantly. In the temperature range of 17–31 ℃, the CO2 emission rate of human body was estimated to increase by 0.78 L/h for every 1 ℃ increase in temperature. To maintain the indoor CO2 concentration at 1000 ppmv, the required ventilation rate for each person must be increased by 0.25 ± 0.3 L/s.

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“…In 2022 Shrestha et al [4] used CO 2 to evaluate the indoor air quality (IAQ) as an indicator in naturally ventilated Nepalese school buildings. Yang et al [5] used CO 2 as one of several indicators to predict the IAQ in healthy building design by developing a simulation toolbox named i-IAQ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality in Library Group Study Rooms

2023

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Human performance and health are among the most relevant topics in modern society, especially at young ages, when academic performance is indispensable. Thus, as humans spend most of their life inside a building, thermal comfort and indoor air quality are essential aspects of a room. The aim of the current study is to numerically evaluate the main thermal comfort parameters such as PMV and PPD as well as indoor air quality, i.e., CO2 concentration, in library group study rooms at the University of Gävle in Sweden. Rotroninc Measurement Solutions CL11 sensors were utilized for temperature measurements. Simulation models were created and validated based on building data as well as temperature measurements. Several simulations were conducted throughout the year, covering different periods. The results show that even though the ventilation system, with only temperature control, works as intended for maintaining thermal comfort, the CO2 concentration rises above 1000 ppm when more than one student occupies the rooms, which is not recommended by different thermal comfort ruling institutions. Consequently, a modification to the ventilation system control is recommended, changing it from temperature control to CO2 and temperature control.

show abstract

An investigation on CO2 concentration based on field survey and simulation in naturally ventilated Nepalese school buildings during summer

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

Energy efficient ventilation and indoor air quality in the context of COVID-19 - A systematic review

Energy efficient ventilation and indoor air quality in the context of COVID-19 - A systematic review

Field and intervention study on indoor environment in professional classrooms

Assessment of Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality in Library Group Study Rooms

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