Effects of evaporative cooling and dietary zinc source on heat shock responses and mammary gland development in lactating dairy cows during summer

Rivas, Ruth M. Orellana; Marins, Thiago N.; Weng, X.; Monteiro, A.P.A.; Guo, J.; Gao, Jing; Chen, Yun-Chu; Woldemeskel, Moges; Bernard, J.K.; Tomlinson, D.J.; DeFrain, J.M.; Tao, Sha

doi:10.3168/jds.2020-19146

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Animals' improved performance after taking Zn-Met complex supplements may have improved oxidative and immune status [33]. Supplementing multiparous lactating Holstein with 35 mg of Zn/kg of DM from Zn hydroxy chloride and 40 mg of Zn/kg of DM from Zn-Met complex had a significant impact on mammary cell turnover [34]. These findings imply that cows receiving Zn supplements have increased milk secretion capacity and the ability to maintain milk yield under heat stress by safeguarding mammary epithelial cells and their capacity for secretion.…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Effects of Micronutrients in Heat Stress Alleviation in Dairy Animals

Nair

Anil²,

Anand³

et al. 2022

CJAST

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Heat stress from global warming and climate change, which result in an ongoing rise in Earth's temperature, has a detrimental effect on the growth and health of dairy animals. The animal experiences heat stress when it cannot release enough heat to maintain homeothermy. The degree of heat stress dairy animals experience depends on the ambient temperature and humidity. In dairy animals, heat stress reduces feed intake, milk production, reproductive efficiency, and immune function. This article concentrated on the micronutrients that lessen the damaging effects of heat stress on dairy animals. Micronutrients are vital substances that life requires in minute amounts. Major minerals, trace minerals, and vitamins are all included. Micronutrients support the maintenance of animal production, enhance nutrient utilization, effectively combat oxidative stress, and strengthen the weak immune system. Minerals are crucial for maintaining an animal's normal physiological processes. However, it is a belief that animals' reactions to heat stress increase mineral loss through excretion. Therefore, adding minerals to the diet (such as Dietary Cation-Anion Difference, Zinc, Chromium, Selenium, etc.) may help to reduce the harmful effects of heat stress. Vitamins serve as cofactors for enzymes, act as catalysts in a number of metabolic pathways, and are crucial for an animal's normal growth and development. The addition of vitamins (such as Vitamin E, Niacin, etc.) to dairy animals' diets may also help to mitigate the harmful effects of heat stress.

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Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Effects of Micronutrients in Heat Stress Alleviation in Dairy Animals

Nair

Anil²,

Anand³

et al. 2022

CJAST

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show abstract

“…An organic form of Zn supplementation could enhance milk production and decrease the somatic cell scores (SCC) in lactating cows ( 19 ). In addition, dietary organic Zn inclusion would be beneficial to heat shock responses ( 17 ), mammary gland development ( 20 ), and metabolic responses ( 21 ) of dairy cattle during environmental heat stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen-protected zinc–methionine dietary inclusion alters dairy cow performances, and oxidative and inflammatory status under long-term environmental heat stress

Mesgaran

Kargar

Janssen³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Dairy cows are susceptible to heat stress due to the levels of milk production and feed intake. Dietary supplemental amino acids, particularly rate-limiting amino acids, for example, methionine (Met), may alleviate the potential negative consequences. Zinc (Zn) is beneficial to the immune system and mammary gland development during heat stress. We investigated the impact of a source of a rumen-protected Zn-Met complex (Loprotin, Kaesler Nutrition GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) in high-producing Holstein cows during a long-term environmental heat stress period. A total of 62 multiparous lactating Holstein cows were allocated in a completely randomized design to two dietary treatments, namely, basal diet without (control) and basal diet with the supplemental Zn-Met complex (RPZM) at 0.131% of diet DM. Cows in the RPZM group had higher energy-corrected milk (46.71 vs. 52.85 ± 1.72 kg/d for control and RPZM groups, respectively) as well as milk fat and protein concentration (27.28 vs. 32.80 ± 1.82 and 30.13 vs. 31.03 ± 0.25 g/kg for control and RPZM groups, respectively). The Zn-Met complex supplemented cows had lower haptoglobin and IL-1B concentration than the control (267 vs. 240 ± 10.53 mcg/mL and 76.8 vs. 60.0 ± 3.4 ng/L for control and RPZM groups, respectively). RPZM supplementation resulted in better oxidative status, indicated by higher total antioxidant status and lower malondialdehyde concentrations (0.62 vs. 0.68 ± 0.02 mmol/L and 2.01 vs. 1.76 ± 0.15 nmol/L for control and RPZM groups, respectively). Overall, the results from this study showed that RPZM dietary inclusion could maintain milk production and milk composition of animals during periods of heat stress. Enhanced performance of animals upon Zn-Met complex supplementation could be partly due to improved oxidative and immune status.

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“…Besides,dietary organic Zn inclusion would be bene cial toheat shock responses [14], mammary gland development [17] and metabolic responses[18] of dairy cattle during environmental heat stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating the Performance and Oxidative Responses of Dairy Cattle Under Long-term Environmental Heat Stress Upon Zinc-Methionine Complex Dietary Inclusion

Mesgaran

Kargar

Janssen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Dairy cows are susceptible to heat stress due to levels of milk production and feed intake. Dietary supplemental amino acids, particularly rate-limiting amino acids e.g., methionine (Met), may alleviate the potential negative consequences. Zinc (Zn) is beneficial to the immune system and mammary gland development during heat stress. We investigated the impact of a source of rumen-protected Zn-Met complex (Loprotin, Kaesler Nutrition GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) in high producing Holstein cows during a long-term environmental heat stress period. Sixty-two multiparous Holstein lactating cows were allocated in a completely randomized design to 1 of 2 dietary treatments as basal diet without (control) or with supplemental Zn-Met complex (RPZM) at 0.131% of diet DM. Cows in the RPZM group had higher energy-corrected milk as well as milk fat and protein concentration. Zn-Met complex supplemented cows had lower haptoglobin and IL-1B concentration compared with the control. RPZM supplementation resulted in better oxidative status, indicated by higher total antioxidant status and lower malondialdehyde concentrations. Enhanced performance of animals upon Zn-Met complex supplementation could be partly the result of improved oxidative and immune status. Data generated herein could develop novel feeding concepts, i.e., particular feed additives, which can be practically implemented to maintain animal’s productivity and longevity during periods of heat stress.

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Effects of evaporative cooling and dietary zinc source on heat shock responses and mammary gland development in lactating dairy cows during summer

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

A Review on the Effects of Micronutrients in Heat Stress Alleviation in Dairy Animals

A Review on the Effects of Micronutrients in Heat Stress Alleviation in Dairy Animals

Rumen-protected zinc–methionine dietary inclusion alters dairy cow performances, and oxidative and inflammatory status under long-term environmental heat stress

Manipulating the Performance and Oxidative Responses of Dairy Cattle Under Long-term Environmental Heat Stress Upon Zinc-Methionine Complex Dietary Inclusion

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