Innate lymphoid cells type 2 in LTP‐allergic patients and their modulation during sublingual immunotherapy

Palomares, Francisca; Gómez, Francisca; Bogas, Gádor; Maggi, Laura; Cosmi, Lorenzo; Annunziato, Francesco; Núñez, Rafael; Pérez, Natalia; Muñoz-Cano, Rosa; Torres, Marı́a José; Mayorga, Cristobalina

doi:10.1111/all.14745

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Furthermore, in both SCIT and SLIT, the induction of a population of IL-10 secreting ILCs was associated with improved clinical response, possibly acting mechanistically through Th2 suppression and the maintenance of epithelial barriers against allergens [ 70 ]. A recent ex vivo analysis of patients with lipid transfer protein allergy has additionally demonstrated ILC modulation by SLIT [ 72 ].…”

Section: Immunology Of Subcutaneous and Sublingual Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunology of allergen immunotherapy

Rahman

Wesemann

2022

Immunotherapy Advances

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Summary Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying therapy for allergic disease. Through repeated inoculations of low doses of allergen—either as whole proteins or peptides—patients can achieve a homeostatic balance between inflammatory effectors induced and/or associated with allergen contact, and mediators of immunologic non-responsiveness, potentially leading to sustained clinical improvements. AIT for airborne/respiratory tract allergens and insect venoms have traditionally been supplied subcutaneously, but other routes and modalities of administration can also be effective. Despite differences of allergen administration, there are some similarities of immunologic responses across platforms, with a general theme involving the restructuring and polarization of adaptive and innate immune effector cells. Here we review the immunology of AIT across various delivery platforms, including subcutaneous, sublingual, epicutaneous, intradermal, and intralymphatic approaches, emphasizing shared mechanisms associated with achieving immunologic non-responsiveness to allergen.

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Section: Immunology Of Subcutaneous and Sublingual Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunology of allergen immunotherapy

Rahman

Wesemann

2022

Immunotherapy Advances

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“…In humans, in FA context, our group recently reported evidence of the presence of circulating ILC2 producing IL-13 and IL-4 related to LTP-allergic patients (LTP-AP). We showed the ILC2 involvement in type 2 (T2) immune response, showing a correlation between Th2 cells and reaction severity ( 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells are key in lipid transfer protein allergy pathogenesis

Palomares,

Pérez-Sánchez,

Nieto

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundImmunopathology in food allergy is characterized by an uncontrolled type 2 immune response and specific-IgE production. Recent studies have determined that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) participate in the food allergy pathogenic mechanism and their severity. Our objective was to investigate the role of ILC2 in peach-allergic patients due to non-specific lipid transfer protein (Pru p 3) sensitization.MethodsThe immune response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was characterized in lipid transfer protein-allergic patients and healthy controls. We have analyzed the Pru p 3 uptake on ILC2, the expression of costimulatory molecules, and their involvement on the T-cell proliferative response and cytokine production under different experimental conditions: cytokines involved in group 2 innate lymphoid cell activation (IL-33 and IL-25), Pru p 3 as main food allergen, and the combination of both components (IL-33/IL-25+Pru p 3) using cell sorting, EliSpot, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy.ResultsOur results show that Pru p 3 allergen is taken up by group 2 innate lymphoid cells, regulating their costimulatory molecule expression (CD83 and HLA-DR) depending on the presence of Pru p 3 and its combination with IL-33/IL-25. The Pru p 3-stimulated ILC2 induced specific GATA3+Th2 proliferation and cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) production in lipid transfer protein-allergic patients in a cell contact-dependent manner with no changes in Tbet+Th1- and FOXP3+Treg cell differentiation.ConclusionsThe results indicate that in lipid transfer protein-allergic patients, the responsible allergen, Pru p 3, interacts with group 2 innate lymphoid cells, promoting a Th2 cell response. Our results might be of interest in vivo, as they show a role of group 2 innate lymphoid cells as antigen-presenting cells, contributing to the development of food allergy. Consequently, group 2 innate lymphoid cells may be considered as potential therapeutic targets.

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“…63,64 Following allergen immunotherapy (AIT), IL-10 + ILC2 cells were upregulated in the allergic group, suggesting these cells may be involved in tolerance development. 65 T and B cells are drivers of the adaptive immune system responsible for the generation of allergen-specific memory. The Generation R cohort reported children with atopic diseases had a higher proportion of Th2, Th17, Treg, memory Treg, and CD27 + IgA + memory B cells compared to non-atopic children, which may point toward important regulatory processes initiated during allergic disease.…”

Section: Updates On the Cellular Network In Food Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on recent developments and highlights in food allergy

Locke

Hung

Upton

et al. 2023

Preprint

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While both the incidence and general awareness of food allergies is increasing, the variety and clinical availability of therapeutics remain limited. Therefore, investigations into the potential factors contributing to the development of food allergy and the mechanisms of natural tolerance or induced desensitization are required. In addition, a detailed understanding of the pathophysiology of food allergies is needed to generate compelling, enduring, and safe treatment options. New findings regarding the contribution of barrier function, the effect of emollient interventions, mechanisms of allergen recognition, and the contributions of specific immune cell subsets through rodent models and human clinical studies provide novel insights. With the first approved treatment for peanut allergy, the clinical management of food allergy is evolving towards less intensive, alternative approaches involving fixed doses, lower maintenance dose targets, co-administration of biologicals, adjuvants, and tolerance-inducing formulations. The ultimate goal is to improve immunotherapy and develop precision-based medicine via risk phenotyping allowing optimal treatment for each food-allergic patient.

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Innate lymphoid cells type 2 in LTP‐allergic patients and their modulation during sublingual immunotherapy

Abstract: Delving into cornerstones of hypersensitivity to antineoplastic and biological agents: value of diagnostic tools prior to desensitization.

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Immunology of allergen immunotherapy

Immunology of allergen immunotherapy

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells are key in lipid transfer protein allergy pathogenesis

An update on recent developments and highlights in food allergy

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