RETRACTED ARTICLE: lncRNA HAND2-AS1 is downregulated in osteoarthritis and regulates IL-6 expression in chondrocytes

Abstract

Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability. The incidence of OA is progressively rising due to the diminishing levels of physical activity and ever-expanding aging population. However, the mainstay for OA treatment only can improve symptoms without delay the progression of this severe disease. This study aimed to explore the biological role and clinical function of lncRNA HAND2-AS1 in OA. Methods Blood samples and synovial fluid were collected from OA patients and normal subjects. HAND2-AS1 expression was detected by qRT-PCR and IL-6 expression was detected by ELISA. The plasma levels of HAND2-AS1 were also detected in different ages, stages, and gender of OA patients and controls. Furthermore, the ROC curve was used to analyze whether HAND2-AS1 can distinguish OA patients from normal subjects. Also, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to analyze the correlation between lncRNA HAND2-AS1 and IL-6. In addition, Western blot was used to detect the IL-6 level upon HAND2-AS1 over-expression in chondrocytes and qRT-PCR was used to detect the HAND2-AS1 level after endogenous IL-6 treatment. Results HAND2-AS1 and IL-6 were dysregulated in plasma and synovial fluid of OA patients. The expression of HAND2-AS1 in plasma of OA patients was decreased with aging and progression. Furthermore, HAND2-AS1 downregulation effectively distinguished OA patients from the healthy controls. Over-expression of HAND2-AS1 inhibited IL-6 expression in chondrocytes, while treatment with exogenous IL-6 did not affect HAND2-AS1 expression. Conclusion HAND2-AS1 effectively distinguished OA patients from the healthy controls and regulates IL-6 expression in human chondrocytes. Trial registration ChiCTR, ChiCTR2000038635. Registered 11 February 2019

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“…Chondrocytes were isolated as previously described [ 25 ]. The cartilage tissues from patients that underwent total knee arthroplasty were cut into 3–5 mm 3 slices.…”

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“…More importantly, the expression levels of both GAS5 and IL-6 were positively correlated indicating the implication of GAS5 and IL-6 in PCOS ( Wang et al, 2020 ). The role of a relatively new lncRNA HAND2-AS1 in the regulation of IL-6 in human chondrocytes has been recently revealed ( Si et al, 2021 ). It was noticed that the expression of HAND2-AS1 and IL-6 were dysregulated in plasma and synovial fluid of osteoarthritis patients ( Si et al, 2021 ).…”

“…The role of a relatively new lncRNA HAND2-AS1 in the regulation of IL-6 in human chondrocytes has been recently revealed ( Si et al, 2021 ). It was noticed that the expression of HAND2-AS1 and IL-6 were dysregulated in plasma and synovial fluid of osteoarthritis patients ( Si et al, 2021 ). The ectopic expression of HAND2-AS1 led to the inhibition of IL-6 expression in chondrocytes, while the treatment with exogenous IL-6 had no effect on the expression of HAND2-AS1 indicating a direct regulation of IL-6 by HAND2-AS1 in human chondrocytes ( Si et al, 2021 ).…”

“…It was noticed that the expression of HAND2-AS1 and IL-6 were dysregulated in plasma and synovial fluid of osteoarthritis patients ( Si et al, 2021 ). The ectopic expression of HAND2-AS1 led to the inhibition of IL-6 expression in chondrocytes, while the treatment with exogenous IL-6 had no effect on the expression of HAND2-AS1 indicating a direct regulation of IL-6 by HAND2-AS1 in human chondrocytes ( Si et al, 2021 ). MALAT1 has a dual role regarding inflammation responses particularly with the regulation of IL-6.…”