Epigenetic regulator Stuxnet modulates octopamine effect on sleep through a Stuxnet‐Polycomb‐Octβ2R cascade

Zhao, Zhangwu; Zhao, Xueqing; He, Tao; Wu, Xiaoyu; Lv, Pengfei; Zhu, Alan Jian; Du, Juan

doi:10.15252/embr.201947910

“…Specific clusters were annotated based on the expression of the following known marker genes. Olfactory projections neurons (cholinergic): acj6 , ct , Lim1 (Komiyama and Luo, 2007; Komiyama et al, 2003; Lai et al, 2008), ellipsoid body (EB) large-field ring neurons (GABAergic): cv-c , Dh31 , Octbeta2R , 5-HT7 (Becnel et al, 2011; Donlea et al, 2014; Kunst et al, 2014; Zhao et al, 2021), EB small-field ring neurons (GABAergic): cv-c , Dh31 , Octbeta2R , not 5-HT7 , ventral and dorsal fan-shaped body (GABAergic): cv-c , Dh31, sNPF , not Octbeta2R (Nässel et al, 2008), medial fan-shaped body: cv-c , Dh31 , not sNPF, not Octbeta2R , a/b Kenyon Cells: sNPF , Eip93F (Croset et al, 2018; Johard et al, 2008), g Kenyon Cells: sNPF , ab (Croset et al, 2018), a¢/b¢ Kenyon Cells: CG8641 (Croset et al, 2018), dopaminergic neurons (monoaminergic): ple , DAT (Neckameyer and Quinn, 1989; Pörzgen et al, 2001), serotonergic neurons (monoaminergic): SerT , Trh (Coleman and Neckameyer, 2005; Demchyshyn et al, 1994), octopaminergic neurons (monoaminergic): Tdc2 , Tbh (Cole et al, 2005; Monastirioti et al, 1996), tyraminergic neurons (monoaminergic): Tdc2 , not Tbh , astrocytes: AANAT1 , alrm , Gat , e (Davla et al, 2020; Doherty et al, 2009; Muthukumar et al, 2014), surface glia: Tret1-1 , Mdr65 (DeSalvo et al, 2014; Volkenhoff et al, 2015), ensheathing glia: zyd , trol (Konstantinides et al, 2018; Melom and Littleton, 2013), cortex glia: zyd , wrapper (Konstantinides et al, 2018). Thresholds for each gene were set manually.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific clusters were annotated based on the expression of the following known marker genes. Olfactory projections neurons (cholinergic): acj6, ct, Lim1 (Komiyama and Luo, 2007;Komiyama et al, 2003;Lai et al, 2008), ellipsoid body (EB) large-field ring neurons (GABAergic): cv-c, Dh31, Octbeta2R, 5-HT7 (Becnel et al, 2011;Donlea et al, 2014;Kunst et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2021), EB small-field ring neurons (GABAergic): cv-c, Dh31, Octbeta2R, not 5-HT7, ventral and dorsal fan-shaped body (GABAergic): cv-c, Dh31, sNPF, not Octbeta2R (Nässel et al, 2008), medial fan-shaped body: cv-c, Dh31, not sNPF, not Octbeta2R, a/b Kenyon Cells: sNPF, Eip93F (Croset et al, 2018;Johard et al, 2008), g Kenyon Cells: sNPF, ab (Croset et al, 2018), a¢/b¢ Kenyon Cells: CG8641 (Croset et al, 2018), dopaminergic neurons (monoaminergic): ple, DAT (Neckameyer and Quinn, 1989;Pörzgen et al, 2001), serotonergic neurons (monoaminergic): SerT, Trh (Coleman and Neckameyer, 2005;Demchyshyn et al, 1994), octopaminergic neurons (monoaminergic):…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gliotransmission of D-serine promotes thirst-directed behaviors inDrosophila

Park

¹

,

Croset

²

,

Otto

³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thirst emerges from a range of cellular changes that ultimately motivate an animal to consume water. Although thirst-responsive neuronal signals have been reported, the full complement of brain responses is unclear. Here we identify molecular and cellular adaptations in the brain using single-cell sequencing of water deprived Drosophila. Water deficiency primarily altered the glial transcriptome. Screening the regulated genes revealed astrocytic expression of the astray-encoded phosphoserine phosphatase to bi-directionally regulate water consumption. Astray synthesizes the gliotransmitter D-serine and vesicular release from astrocytes is required for drinking. Moreover, dietary D-serine rescues aay-dependent drinking deficits while facilitating water consumption and expression of water-seeking memory. D-serine action requires binding to neuronal NMDA-type glutamate receptors. Fly astrocytes contribute processes to tripartite synapses and the proportion of astrocytes that are themselves activated by glutamate increases with water deprivation. We propose that thirst elevates astrocytic D-serine release, which awakens quiescent glutamatergic circuits to enhance water procurement.

show abstract

“…The ubiquitin‐like protein Stuxnet ( stx ) promotes the degradation of an epigenetic repressor polycomb group (PcG) by the proteasome, independently of ubiquitination (Du et al, 2016). The stx mutant increases sleep duration and reduces sleep latency, indicating that sleep pressure is elevated in the mutants (Zhao et al, 2021). Stx protein is localized in the EB, which is an important region for homeostatic sleep regulation.…”

Section: Proteasomal Degradation In Drosophila Sleep Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stx protein is localized in the EB, which is an important region for homeostatic sleep regulation. Moreover, it has been reported to be downregulated in response to octopamine and reduces the expression of the sleep‐inhibiting octopamine β2 receptor through epigenetic regulation in EB (Zhao et al, 2021).…”

Section: Proteasomal Degradation In Drosophila Sleep Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ubiquitin proteasome system in circadian rhythm and sleep homeostasis: Lessons from Drosophila

Ukita

¹

,

Okumura

²

,

Chihara

³

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sleep is regulated by two main processes: the circadian clock and sleep homeostasis. Circadian rhythms have been well studied at the molecular level. In the Drosophila circadian clock neurons, the core clock proteins are precisely regulated by post-translational modifications and degraded via the ubiquitinproteasome system (UPS). Sleep homeostasis, however, is less understood; nevertheless, recent reports suggest that proteasome-mediated degradation of core clock proteins or synaptic proteins contributes to the regulation of sleep amount. Here, we review the molecular mechanism of the UPS and summarize the role of protein degradation in the regulation of circadian clock and homeostatic sleep in Drosophila. Moreover, we discuss the potential interaction between circadian clock and homeostatic sleep regulation with a prime focus on E3 ubiquitin ligases.

show abstract

“…High concentrations of OA have been found in the neuronal and nonneuronal tissues of most invertebrate species [ 2 ]. OA acts as a neurohormone, neuromodulator, and neurotransmitter in invertebrates [ 3 ], with essential functions and regulation of many physiological processes, including olfactory sensitivity [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], endocrine regulation [ 7 ], learning and memory [ 8 , 9 ], locomotion [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], sleep [ 14 ], induction of germline stem cell increase [ 15 ], and ovulation [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knockdown of a β-Adrenergic-Like Octopamine Receptor Affects Locomotion and Reproduction of Tribolium castaneum

Zheng

¹

,

Liu

²

,

Liu

³

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The neurohormone octopamine regulates many crucial physiological processes in insects and exerts its activity via typical G-protein coupled receptors. The roles of octopamine receptors in regulating behavior and physiology in Coleoptera (beetles) need better understanding. We used the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, as a model species to study the contribution of the octopamine receptor to behavior and physiology. We cloned the cDNA of a β-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor (TcOctβ2R). This was heterologously expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells and was demonstrated to be functional using an in vitro cyclic AMP assay. In an RNAi assay, injection of dsRNA demonstrated that TcOctβ2R modulates beetle locomotion, mating duration, and fertility. These data present some roles of the octopaminergic signaling system in T. castaneum. Our findings will also help to elucidate the potential functions of individual octopamine receptors in other insects.

show abstract

Epigenetic regulator Stuxnet modulates octopamine effect on sleep through a Stuxnet‐Polycomb‐Octβ2R cascade

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

Gliotransmission of D-serine promotes thirst-directed behaviors inDrosophila

Gliotransmission of D-serine promotes thirst-directed behaviors inDrosophila

Ubiquitin proteasome system in circadian rhythm and sleep homeostasis: Lessons from Drosophila

Knockdown of a β-Adrenergic-Like Octopamine Receptor Affects Locomotion and Reproduction of Tribolium castaneum

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About