SARS-CoV-2 infections in melanoma patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors: A survey of the German ADOREG melanoma registry

Abstract

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Use and Effects on Prognosis of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Among these, one study about coronavirus, three surveys and 21 researches that included less than four patients were excluded after full text review. Finally, 13 studies reported ICI use in cancer patients and prognosis of COVID-19 infection [8,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. The 13 articles consisted of ten cohort studies and three case series and were included for the meta-analysis.…”

“…Of these 13 studies, clinical outcomes were defined as hospitalization in five studies, severity in eight studies and mortality in 11 studies (Table 1). However, there was nonuniformity in the criterion of the time interval from last dose to COVID-19 diagnosis (Table 1) [8,18,19,21,[23][24][25].…”

“…contained hospitalization information of patients without ICI exposure. The proportion of hospitalization was markedly increased in patients treated with ICI therapy compared with those without ICI treatment (OR 2.00 [95% CI 1.19-3.38], p = 0.01; I 2 = 45%; Figure2A).ICI use & influence on COVID-19 severityEight studies[8,18,20,23,24,[27][28][29] that included 111 COVID-19 cases with ICI exposure reported on COVID-19 severity in relation to ICI exposure. The combined proportion of severe disease was 0.34 (95% CI 0.26-0.44, I 2 = 35%; Table2).…”

“…Out of these eight studies, five studies[8,18,20,23,27] included 83 COVID-19 cases with ICI exposure and 809 COVID-19 cases unexposed to ICI. A random-effects model was used (I 2 = 55%; p = 0.06) and the pooled OR of COVID-19 severity was 1.55 (95% CI, 0.69-3.51, p = 0.29; Figure2B).ICI use & risk of mortality in COVID-19 patientsThe overall analysis included 11 studies[8,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24]26,28,29]. Together, 299 COVID-19 cases with ICI exposure and 3188 COVID-19 cases without ICI exposure were included.…”

Impaired CD4 T-cell Response to SARS-CoV-2: Rationale for PD-1 Blockade in Patients with Cancer and COVID-19?

“…However, patients receiving anti-PD-1 within 6 weeks prior to COVID-19 diagnosis tend to develop less severe disease compared with patients receiving anti-PD-1 within to 6 months prior to diagnosis. In addition, severe disease was found in only 2 of 13 patients with melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 antibody alone or in combination with CTLA4 blockade therapy within 0 to 51 days prior to SARS-CoV-2-positive test (10). The evidence to date suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection does not enhance immune-related toxicities associated with PD-1 and CTLA4 blockade immunotherapies when administered prior to infection.…”