Geno-cytotoxicity and congenital malformations produced by relevant environmental concentrations of aluminum, diclofenac and their mixture on Cyprinus carpio. An interactions study

Long-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of ibuprofen and aluminum alters oxidative stress status on Danio rerio

“…Diverse studies have shown that exposure to high concentrations of Al can trigger a wide range of toxicity mechanisms in different animal models (Martínez-vieyra et al, 2017;Mathiyazahan et al, 2015;Ward et al, 2006). In aquatic organisms environmental exposure to Al has been related to embryolethality and teratogenic effects (Kovrižnych et al, 2013;Monaco et al, 2017), neurotoxicity (Monaco et al, 2017), geno-cytotoxicity and congenital malformations (Gómez-Oliván et al, 2017;Quiroga-Santos et al, 2021), morphological and behavioral alterations (Grassie et al, 2013;Griffitt et al, 2008) , iono and osmo regulatory disturbances (Kumar and Gill, 2014) and oxidative stress (González-González et al, 2014;Razo-Estrada et al, 2013).…”

“…Different reports have been made about toxicity of IBU and Al in aquatic animals, nevertheless pollutants never occur alone, they take part of complex mixtures that may affect non-target organisms (Quiroga- Santos et al, 2021). The Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment requires the analysis of the interactions between compounds that can be found in effluents of various sources (Laquaz et al, 2018).…”

Developmental alterations, teratogenic effects, and oxidative disruption induced by ibuprofen, aluminum, and their binary mixture on Danio rerio

“…The most frequent malformations detected after exposure to the mixture were hatching delays, axial defects including the tail, head, and chorda alterations, pericardial edema, hypopigmentation, and developmental delay, as well as cardiac impairment. Synergistic effects can be considered when the effect of the exposure to a mixture seems to be higher than or distinct than the one expected by the additive response; on the other hand, antagonism appears when one or several compounds that take part in a mixture interfere with the action of other, thus there is a decrease in the predicted effect of each compound with similar or different structures (López González et al, 2019;Quiroga-Santos et al, 2021).…”

Physicochemical analysis and detection of exceptionally high diclofenac concentration in the pharmaceutical wastewaters collected from the production units of national industrial zone, Rawat, Pakistan

“…(Camiña et al 2014). The observed geno-cytotoxic environment relevant concentration of DCF in the Cyprinus carpio was found out to be 0.31 mg L −1 (Quiroga-Santos et al 2021). Besides the reported adverse effects, limited studies are available for the detection of DCF, particularly in the industrial effluents of Pakistan.…”