Adaptation of WHO Definitions of Clinical Forms of Chikungunya Virus Infection for the Elderly

Godaert, Lidvine; Cofais, Cécilia; Hequet, Fanny; Proye, Emeline; Kanagaratnam, Lukshe; Césaire, Raymond; Najioullah, Fatiha; Dramé, Moustapha

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-0761

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For instance, chikungunya virus infection has been associated with a series of long-term post-infection complications, such as chronic joint pain, with a relevance in older people ( Calvo et al, 2021 ). Recently, the WHO classification of the clinical forms of chikungunya virus infection in the elderly has been updated, considering the relevance of the disease in the older individuals, as well the disease burden in endemic regions ( Godaert et al, 2021 ). Notably, elderly is a well-recognized risk factor for varicella-zoster virus reactivation, contributing for post-herpetic neuropathy (PHN) in this population.…”

Section: Pain Associated With Specific Conditions In Old Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Pain in the Elderly: Mechanisms and Perspectives

Dagnino

Campos

2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Chronic pain affects a large part of the population causing functional disability, being often associated with coexisting psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety, besides cognitive deficits, and sleep disturbance. The world elderly population has been growing over the last decades and the negative consequences of chronic pain for these individuals represent a current clinical challenge. The main painful complaints in the elderly are related to neurodegenerative and musculoskeletal conditions, peripheral vascular diseases, arthritis, and osteoarthritis, contributing toward poorly life quality, social isolation, impaired physical activity, and dependence to carry out daily activities. Organ dysfunction and other existing diseases can significantly affect the perception and responses to chronic pain in this group. It has been proposed that elderly people have an altered pain experience, with changes in pain processing mechanisms, which might be associated with the degeneration of circuits that modulate the descending inhibitory pathways of pain. Aging has also been linked to an increase in the pain threshold, a decline of painful sensations, and a decrease in pain tolerance. Still, elderly patients with chronic pain show an increased risk for dementia and cognitive impairment. The present review article is aimed to provide the state-of-art of pre-clinical and clinical research about chronic pain in elderly, emphasizing the altered mechanisms, comorbidities, challenges, and potential therapeutic alternatives.

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Section: Pain Associated With Specific Conditions In Old Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Pain in the Elderly: Mechanisms and Perspectives

Dagnino

Campos

2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Тяжкість перебігання захворювання, перш за все, пов'язана з факторами ризику, основними з яких є вік старше 65 років (збільшується з віком), наявність тяжких супутніх патологій в стадії декомпенсації: декомпенсований цукровий діабет, тяжка хронічна патологія дихальної системи, тяжка хронічна патологія серцево-судинної системи, імуносупресивні стани, ниркова недостатність. Також наявність коморбідних станів, що можуть призвести до негативного прогнозу: ускладнений дивертикуліт, піодерміт, негативна відповідь на імуносупресивну терапію [40,41].…”

Section: актуальні проблеми сучасної медициниunclassified

FEATURES OF PATHOGENESIS, COURSE AND THERAPY OF PNEUMONIA UNDER COVID-19 (Literature Review)

Zhdan¹,

Babanina²,

Boriak³

et al. 2022

Act. Probl. of the Modern Med.

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Having analyzed the latest recommendations of the World Health Organization, the new data from the scientific literature, and current treatment guidelines, the latest epidemiological data of identified different cases of this infection according to epidemiological and clinical criteria were presented. The main pathogenetic signs, risk factors, including inter-individual differences, which can be represented by the host's genetic profile, are highlighted. The main clinical signs and their distribution, classification according to the severity of the disease, features of the course and treatment of pneumonia in human coronavirus infections are shown, including indications for antibacterial therapy and the main criteria of oxygen support. The basic WHO laboratory recommendations for patients with acute respiratory infection who have been in contact with patients having a confirmed or probable case are defined. The main hardware methods of diagnosis, modern approaches in the therapy in the absence of specific antiviral agents are presented. The lack of definitive specific treatment for this disease and the future development of such a pandemic remains unpredictable that indicates the need for strict adherence to classic public health recommendations, the importance of vaccination. The outbreak of COVID-19 in this century once again had emphasized the constant threat of infectious diseases spread by pathogenic viruses among humanity and this requires effective global cooperation and a high level of preparedness.

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“…The authors therefore propose to replace the pair “fever and arthralgia” of the 2015 WHO definition with “fever and/or arthralgia,” because many older people do not experience both signs at the beginning of CHIKV infection. It is thus of great importance to adapt the definition in order to make it easier for physicians to diagnose CHIKV in older populations during outbreaks [ 57 ]. To help diagnosis in this specific population, a score was developed from four variables independently associated with positive RT-PCR: fever (3 points), pain of the ankles (2 points), lymphopenia <1000/mL (6 points), absence of elevated polynuclear neutrophil count (below 7500/mL) (10 points).…”

Section: Specific Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Research in the West Indies and Northeast Amazonia to Knowledge of the 2014–2015 Chikungunya Epidemic in the Americas

et al. 2021

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Purpose of Review Although the chikungunya virus was discovered more than 60 years ago, it has only really been studied since the outbreak in La Reunion in 2005–2006. Ten years later, between 2014 and 2015, the chikungunya virus spread throughout the Americas, affecting millions of people. The objective of this review is to describe the contributions of research on chikungunya virus infection gained from epidemic in the West Indies and the Guiana Shield. Recent Findings Prevalence data were similar to those found in the Indian Ocean or Asia during epidemics. Clinically, there is now a better understanding of the typical, atypical, and severe forms. Several studies have insisted on the presence of neurological forms of chikungunya infection, such as encephalitis or Guillain–Barré syndrome. Cases of septic shock due to chikungunya virus as well as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura were described for the first time. Given the magnitude of the epidemic and the large number of people affected, this has led to a better description and new classifications of chikungunya virus infections in specific populations such as pregnant women, the elderly, and children. Several studies also described the behavior of populations faced with an emerging disease. Summary Current epidemiological data from tropical regions highlights the risk of spreading emerging diseases at higher latitudes, especially concerning arboviruses, since the vector Aedes albopictus is already established in many parts of northern countries. A better understanding of the disease and its epidemic dynamics will foster better management, the crucial importance of which was demonstrated during the COVID-19 epidemic.

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Adaptation of WHO Definitions of Clinical Forms of Chikungunya Virus Infection for the Elderly

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Chronic Pain in the Elderly: Mechanisms and Perspectives

Chronic Pain in the Elderly: Mechanisms and Perspectives

FEATURES OF PATHOGENESIS, COURSE AND THERAPY OF PNEUMONIA UNDER COVID-19 (Literature Review)

Contribution of Research in the West Indies and Northeast Amazonia to Knowledge of the 2014–2015 Chikungunya Epidemic in the Americas

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