Non-invasive stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver using polygenic risk scores

Abstract

invasive stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver using polygenic risk scores,

The Role of IL-35 in the Pathophysiological Processes of Liver Disease

“…It is found that HBV could also serve as a stimulus to the Treg to initiate IL-35. IL-35 is expressed in different cell types, diseases, or developmental stages to execute a wide variety of regulatory roles at virtually gene expression and translation ( Bianco et al, 2020 ; Cavallone et al, 2020 ). However, most normal T cell subsets and tissues seem not to constitutively express IL-35 in human.…”

Editorial: the polygenic risk of cirrhosis development

“…The pleiotropic effect of genetic variants across different forms of liver injury—once again shown in the current analysis—highlights the impact genes have on liver disease on top of the environment. Emerging concepts have addressed this by developing polygenic risk scores to be employed in, for example, screening for hepatocellular carcinoma 10 . Now these findings need to be applied within clinical trials and validated prospectively to demonstrate the effectiveness or potentially superiority of a polygenic risk score in the prevention or screening for complications of chronic liver disease.…”

Polygenic risk score: A promising predictor for hepatocellular carcinoma in the population with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

“…colleagues, who indicated that the polygenic risk score (PRS), which is based on PNPLA3-TM6SF2-GCKR-MBOAT7 variants, may be useful for predicting the risk of HCC in patients with NAFLD and dysmetabolism. In particular, positive PRS can be used to identify a subset of patients with dysmetabolism who are at high genetic risk of HCC [1]. Considering that all the variants included in the PRS can be assessed easily and noninvasively, the novelty of this result and its significant implications for clinical practice should be emphasized.…”

“…First, the area under the curve (AUC) for HCC was 0.64 for hepatic fat PRS (PRS-HFC) and 0.65 for PRS-5 (PRS adjusted for HSD17B13) in the NAFLD cohort [1]. The assessment of performance for PRS is important; however, these AUC values are not stellar.…”

“…An important question to address in future studies would be to investigate whether inherited or de novo genetic factors such as copy number variants, methylation marks, and rare but highly penetrant polymorphisms not captured in this analysis of common variants or other noninvasive assessments, such as ultrasound elastography [3], can be integrated to generate a comprehensive risk score to enhance the predictive ability of PRS. In addition, this study used AUC to evaluate the predictive performance of PRS J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f [1]. Although AUC can be used to evaluate the ability of PRS to distinguish between HCC patients and non-HCC patients, it cannot quantify the contribution of PRS to the burden of HCC on a population level.…”