33. A Comparison Between the Results Obtained by Urography and Mictiocystography in Pediatric Urological Disease

Micturition Cysto-urethrography in the Investigation of Urinary Tract Diseases in Children

“…horseshoe kidney), so that it can be said that not more than one case of urethral pathology in every 10 in this series produced pyelographic abnormalities. This confirms the findings of previous workers (Heikel and Parkkulainen, 1959b). …”

“…There are probably no contraindications to the procedure (Heikel and Parkkulainen, 1959a), but there is the disadvantage of catheterization. 'Follow-through' urethrograms after intravenous pyelography (an attempt to overcome it) are of limited value for three reasons:…”

The Ureter, the Urologist and the Pædiatrician

“…All have found that the chances of spontaneous cure were greatest in the minor degrees, as would be expected. A representative report is that of Heikel & Parkkulainen (1966) (Table 3): they found no improvement in their Group 5, the most severe cases, cure in 27 % of the series and improvement in 17%. It would then be generally agreed that the severely dilated refluxing ureters are unlikely to get better of their own accord, although this group, of course, includes those who are most difficult to manage by surgical treatment.…”