Effect of Incorporating Genetic Testing Results into Nutrition Counseling and Care on Dietary Intake: An Evidence Analysis Center Systematic Review—Part I

Robinson, Katie N.; Rozga, Mary; Braakhuis, Andrea; Ellis, Amy; Monnard, Cathríona R.; Sinley, Rachel C.; Wanner, Amanda; Vargas, Ashley J.

doi:10.1016/j.jand.2020.04.001

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Previous reports have suggested that it is unclear whether personalization based on phenotype or genotype has additional value as compared to only using dietary intake for personalization [ 93 , 94 ]. A recent systematic review on the effect of incorporating genetic testing results into nutrition counseling on dietary intake concludes that disclosure of genetic information in carriers of high-risk gene variants may produce benefits, but results should be interpreted with caution due to the limited number of studies and large heterogeneity [ 95 ]. In the present study, phenotype and genotype, and not dietary intake data, were used to create PDTs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Personalized Systems Nutrition Program Improves Dietary Patterns, Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Outcomes: Results from the Habit Study

et al. 2021

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Personalized nutrition may be more effective in changing lifestyle behaviors compared to population-based guidelines. This single-arm exploratory study evaluated the impact of a 10-week personalized systems nutrition (PSN) program on lifestyle behavior and health outcomes. Healthy men and women (n = 82) completed the trial. Individuals were grouped into seven diet types, for which phenotypic, genotypic and behavioral data were used to generate personalized recommendations. Behavior change guidance was also provided. The intervention reduced the intake of calories (−256.2 kcal; p < 0.0001), carbohydrates (−22.1 g; p < 0.0039), sugar (−13.0 g; p < 0.0001), total fat (−17.3 g; p < 0.0001), saturated fat (−5.9 g; p = 0.0003) and PUFA (−2.5 g; p = 0.0065). Additionally, BMI (−0.6 kg/m2; p < 0.0001), body fat (−1.2%; p = 0.0192) and hip circumference (−5.8 cm; p < 0.0001) were decreased after the intervention. In the subgroup with the lowest phenotypic flexibility, a measure of the body’s ability to adapt to environmental stressors, LDL (−0.44 mmol/L; p = 0.002) and total cholesterol (−0.49 mmol/L; p < 0.0001) were reduced after the intervention. This study shows that a PSN program in a workforce improves lifestyle habits and reduces body weight, BMI and other health-related outcomes. Health improvement was most pronounced in the compromised phenotypic flexibility subgroup, which indicates that a PSN program may be effective in targeting behavior change in health-compromised target groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Personalized Systems Nutrition Program Improves Dietary Patterns, Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Outcomes: Results from the Habit Study

et al. 2021

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“…Nutritional guidelines based on genetic testing are still lacking, especially in IBD. One of the reasons for this is a lack of high-quality evidence on the effect of nutrition counseling based on genetics [ 10 ]. The high-throughput analysis of the human genome, based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and genotyping microarrays, is becoming increasingly more available to researchers interested in nutritional genomics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Aspects of Micronutrients Important for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Dragašević

Stanković

Kotur

et al. 2022

Life

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are complex diseases whose etiology is associated with genetic and environmental risk factors, among which are diet and gut microbiota. To date, IBD is an incurable disease and the main goal of its treatment is to reduce symptoms, prevent complications, and improve nutritional status and the quality of life. Patients with IBD usually suffer from nutritional deficiency with imbalances of specific micronutrient levels that contribute to the further deterioration of the disease. Therefore, along with medications usually used for IBD treatment, therapeutic strategies also include the supplementation of micronutrients such as vitamin D, folic acid, iron, and zinc. Micronutrient supplementation tailored according to individual needs could help patients to maintain overall health, avoid the triggering of symptoms, and support remission. The identification of individuals’ genotypes associated with the absorption, transport and metabolism of micronutrients can modify future clinical practice in IBD and enable individualized treatment. This review discusses the personalized approach with respect to genetics related to micronutrients commonly used in inflammatory bowel disease treatment.

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“…A consensus report by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics concluded that, at present, ‘there is insufficient evidence from randomized controlled trials regarding the effectiveness of incorporating nutrigenetic testing into nutrition counseling or care [6]’ . The conclusion was based on two systematic reviews of randomized, controlled trials on personalized nutrition that were published concurrently with the consensus report [7,8]. As illustrated by a letter to the Editor in response to the publication of the consensus report that highlighted methodological flaws of the systematic reviews [9], the Academy's conclusion was controversial and the debate on whether genetic testing for personalized nutrition is ready for prime time continues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances and current controversies in genetic testing for personalized nutrition

García‐Bailo

El‐Sohemy

2021

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Considerable interest in personalized nutrition exists among the general public, policymakers, healthcare organizations and the private sector, but there is also skepticism of its utility. The present review aims to provide a summary of current controversies in the field of nutrigenomics, and to highlight recent research on the potential impact of implementing genetic testing for personalized nutrition in practice. Recent findings Numerous companies already offer genetic testing for personalized nutrition based on research developments in nutritional genomics. However, controversy exists over whethexr genetics contributes to interindividual responses to diet; the utility of single genetic variants versus genetic risk scores; the ability of DNA-based nutritional advice to elicit positive behavior change and health effects; and whether genetic information makes a difference on the type of dietary advice provided. Potential factors contributing to the discrepant viewpoints are discussed. Summary Despite the existing controversies, a solid body of evidence demonstrates that genetic testing for personalized nutrition is a powerful tool to guide dietary recommendations to improve health and performance, and to elicit positive behavior change.

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Effect of Incorporating Genetic Testing Results into Nutrition Counseling and Care on Dietary Intake: An Evidence Analysis Center Systematic Review—Part I

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

A Novel Personalized Systems Nutrition Program Improves Dietary Patterns, Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Outcomes: Results from the Habit Study

A Novel Personalized Systems Nutrition Program Improves Dietary Patterns, Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Outcomes: Results from the Habit Study

Genetic Aspects of Micronutrients Important for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Recent advances and current controversies in genetic testing for personalized nutrition

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