322: Cardiovascular Effects of Intravenous Rattlesnake Envenomations

Fish, L; O’Rourke, Dorcas P.; Lust, Robert M.; Brewer, Kori L.; Hack, Jason B.; Meggs, William J.

doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.06.348

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A venomous snake can inject venom into subcutaneous tissues, muscle, a vein, or an artery. Intravascular injections result in rapid onset of systemic toxicity [ 3 , 4 ] and can be difficult to treat, even when antivenom is readily available. No first aid measure, other than supportive care and advanced life support, will be of benefit in intravascular venom injections.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Aid and Pre-Hospital Management of Venomous Snakebites

Parker‐Cote

Meggs

2018

TropicalMed

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Background: Antivenom is the definitive treatment for venomous snakebites, but is expensive and not available in many rural and poorly developed regions. Timely transportation to facilities that stock and administer antivenom may not be available in rural areas with poorly developed emergency medical services. These factors have led to consideration of measures to delay onset of toxicity or alternatives to antivenom therapy. Methods: PubMed searches were conducted for articles on snakebite treatment, or that contained first aid, emergency medical services, tourniquets, pressure immobilization bandages, suction devices, and lymphatic flow inhibitors. Results: The reviewed articles describe how venoms spread after a venomous snakebite on an extremity, list the proposed first aid measures for delaying the spread of venoms, and evaluate the scientific studies that support or refute methods of snakebite first aid. The recommendations for field treatment of venomous snakebites will be discussed. Conclusions: The evidence suggests that pressure immobilization bandages and related strategies are the best interventions to delay onset of systemic toxicity from venomous snakebites but may increase local toxicity for venoms that destroy tissue at the site of the bite, so their use should be individualized to the circumstances and nature of the venom.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Aid and Pre-Hospital Management of Venomous Snakebites

Parker‐Cote

Meggs

2018

TropicalMed

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“…In an animal study in pigs which involved injecting rattlesnake venom intravenously, Fish et al . [ 3 ] found that the cardiovascular collapse resulted from reduced left ventricular filling rather than myocardial depression or arrhythmias as had generally been thought. Tungthanathanich et al .…”

Section: P Athophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 15 ] Animal experiments which have been carried out on regular basis by injection of various types of snake venom give some insight into IV envenomation. [ 3 16 17 ] Accidental IV injection while injecting the venom into the horses in preparation for antivenom has given vital scientific inputs. [ 13 ]…”

Section: Ncidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this could be an important cause of rapid death following a venomous snake bite. [ 2 3 ] The available literature on this aspect of venomous snake bite is scanty and this article aims to provide a possible overview of the incidence, pathophysiology, clinical features, and available management options of this life-threatening mode of snake envenomation. A search was done in PubMed with keywords – “snake envenomation,” “intravenous snake bite,” “rapid death,” and “intravenous snake venom injection/inoculation.” Relevant articles were reviewed along with the available cross-references and the manuscript was prepared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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