Current understanding of thalamic structure and function in migraine

Younis, Samaira; Hougaard, Anders; Noseda, Rodrigo; Ashina, Messoud

doi:10.1177/0333102418791595

Cited by 81 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Thalamus is probably also important in mediation of dysfunctional pain modulation in migraine, at least between attacks [50][51][52]. Our results show that there also is increased responsivity during non-noxious sensory stimuli at a thalamocortical level in the preictal phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Fluctuations of sensorimotor processing in migraine: a controlled longitudinal study of beta event related desynchronization

et al. 2019

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Background: The migraine brain seems to undergo cyclic fluctuations of sensory processing. For instance, during the preictal phase, migraineurs experience symptoms and signs of altered pain perception as well as other wellknown premonitory CNS-symptoms. In the present study we measured EEG-activation to non-painful motor and sensorimotor tasks in the different phases of the migraine cycle by longitudinal measurements of beta event related desynchronization (beta-ERD). Methods: We recorded electroencephalography (EEG) of 41 migraine patients and 31 healthy controls. Each subject underwent three EEG recordings on three different days with classification of each EEG recording according to the actual migraine phase. During each recording, subjects performed one motor and one sensorimotor task with the flexion-extension movement of the right wrist. Results: Migraine patients had significantly increased beta-ERD and higher baseline beta power at the contralateral C3 electrode overlying the primary sensorimotor cortex in the preictal phase compared to the interictal phase. We found no significant differences in beta-ERD or baseline beta power between interictal migraineurs and controls. Conclusion: Increased preictal baseline beta activity may reflect a decrease in pre-activation in the sensorimotor cortex. Altered pre-activation may lead to changes in thresholds for inhibitory responses and increased beta-ERD response, possibly reflecting a generally increased preictal cortical responsivity in migraine. Cyclic fluctuations in the activity of second-and third-order afferent somatosensory neurons, and their associated cortical and/or thalamic interneurons, may accordingly also be a central part of the migraine pathophysiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Fluctuations of sensorimotor processing in migraine: a controlled longitudinal study of beta event related desynchronization

et al. 2019

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“…Photophobia is a light-induced phenomenon that occurs in various neurological and ophthalmic diseases characterized by visual discomfort, increased headache intensity and increased brightness perception [1][2][3][4]. Over the past two decades, people have gained some scientific understanding of how specific visual pathways cause migraine photophobia in animal and human studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered lateral geniculate nucleus functional connectivity in migraine without aura: a resting-state functional MRI study

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2020

J Headache Pain

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Objectives: To investigate the structural and functional connectivity changes of lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and their relationships with clinical characteristics in patients without aura. Methods: Conventional MRI, 3D structure images and resting state functional MRI were performed in 30 migraine patients without aura (MwoA) and 22 healthy controls (HC). The lateral geniculate nucleus volumes and the functional connectivity (FC) of bilateral lateral geniculate nucleus were computed and compared between groups. Results: The lateral geniculate nucleus volumes in patient groups did not differ from the controls. The brain regions with increased FC of the left LGN mainly located in the left cerebellum and right lingual gyrus in MwoA compared with HC. The increased FC of right LGN located in left inferior frontal gyrus in MwoA compared with HC. The correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between VLSQ-8 score and the increased FC of left cerebellum and right lingual gyrus. Conclusions: Photophobia in MwoA could be mediated by abnormal resting state functional connectivity in visual processing regions, the pain perception regulatory network and emotion regulation network. This result is valuable to further understanding about the clinical manifestation and pathogenesis of migraine.

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“…Other peripheral effects of CGRP involve both neurons and satellite glial cells in the TG, resulting in an increased production of peptide neurotransmitters and ion channels that amplify pain signals at the brainstem 36,37 . Presence of CGRP in brain areas involved in migraine pathophysiology, such as the TNC, 38 locus coeruleus, ventrolateral periaqueductal gray, thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and cortex 39‐43 support the involvement of CGRP in many central nervous system (CNS) mediated symptoms that accompany migraine.…”

Section: Cgrp and Migrainementioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Therapy With Anti‐CGRP Monoclonal Antibodies and Botulinum Toxin for Migraine Prevention: Is There a Rationale?

et al. 2020

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Objective.-To narratively review the pathophysiological rationale of dual therapy with anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies and botulinum toxin type A in treatment-resistant chronic migraine prevention.Background.-For the prevention of chronic migraine, several pharmacological therapies are available, including oral medications, botulinum toxin type A, and the newly approved monoclonal antibodies targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide or its receptor. However, monotherapy does not yield benefits in some affected individuals, which raises the question of whether dual therapy with monoclonal antibodies and botulinum toxin type A hold promise in patients with treatment-resistant chronic migraine.Method.-We searched MEDLINE for articles published from database inception to December 31st, 2019. Publications were largely selected from the past 10 years but commonly referenced and highly regarded older publications were not excluded.Results.-Preclinical data suggest that anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies and botulinum toxin type A have synergistic effects within the trigeminovascular system. Of note, findings indicate that fremanezumab -an antibody targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide -mainly prevents the activation of Aδ-fibers, whereas botulinum toxin type A prevents the activation of C-fibers.Conclusion.-There is currently only indirect preclinical evidence to support a rationale for dual therapy with anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies and botulinum toxin type A for chronic migraine prevention. Rigorous studies evaluating clinical efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness are needed. Abbreviations: BBB blood-brain barrier, BTX-A botulinum toxin typeA, CGRP calcitonin gene-related peptide, CM chronic migraine, CNS central nervous system, HT high-threshold, mAb monoclonal antibody, SNARE soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor, TG trigeminal ganglion, TNC trigeminal nucleus caudalis, TRPA1 transient receptor potential ankyrin 1, TRPV1 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1, WDR wide-dynamic range (

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Current understanding of thalamic structure and function in migraine

Cited by 81 publications

References 50 publications

Fluctuations of sensorimotor processing in migraine: a controlled longitudinal study of beta event related desynchronization

Fluctuations of sensorimotor processing in migraine: a controlled longitudinal study of beta event related desynchronization

Altered lateral geniculate nucleus functional connectivity in migraine without aura: a resting-state functional MRI study

Dual Therapy With Anti‐CGRP Monoclonal Antibodies and Botulinum Toxin for Migraine Prevention: Is There a Rationale?

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