Retrospective assessment of the status and determinants of tuberculosis treatment outcome among patients treated in government hospitals in North Shoa Administrative Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

BackgroundOne of the specific targets of Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course detailed in the updated Global Plan (2011–2015) was to achieve a treatment success rate of 87% by 2015. This strategy was introduced to Ethiopia in 1995 to reach full coverage in 2005; however, by 2009, treatment had not been as successful as expected.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to determine treatment success rate and identify risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes in North Shoa Administrative Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on all TB patients (739) who registered for TB treatment from September 1, 2012 to August 31, 2014 at public hospitals in North Shoa Administrative Zone, Ethiopia. Data were gathered by using a pretested structured medical record checklist. Four data collectors and two supervisors were involved in gathering the data. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression and were entered into Epi Info and analyzed by using the SPSS software package version 20.ResultsThis study revealed that the TB treatment success rate was 86.1% (169 [22.9%] cured and 467 [63.2%] completed). In addition, 22 (3%) of the study participants defaulted their treatment of which 19 (86.4%) withdrew during the intensive phase. The multiple logistic regression model revealed that the study year of treatment, sputum smear positivity at the second-month follow-up, history of treatment default, and subsequent hospitalization were significantly associated with the TB treatment outcome.ConclusionThe TB treatment success rate in the study area was low compared to that estimated by World Health Organization to achieve by 2015. Therefore, Federal Ministry of Health and Regional and Zonal Health Office have to strengthen the interventions on minimizing anti-TB treatment default rate through well-organized documentation, follow-up on TB patients, and awareness-creation programs.

Treatment Outcomes and Predictors Among Tuberculosis Patients at Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia

“…On the contrary, the mortality rate of our study was comparatively close to different studies from other regions in the country with 5% in Adama, 16 5.6% in Debre Tabor, 33 2.9% in Tigray region, 13 1.8% in Arba Minch, 19 3.7% in Addis Ababa, 34 3.9% in Harar 12 and 3.8% in northern Shoa 20 and elsewhere in China (2.8%) 28 and Pakistan (1.8%). 30 However, our study finding is much lower than the mortality rate (19.4%) of the study done in Nigeria.…”

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of unsuccessful treatment outcomes among drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: A prospective health facility-based study

“…Despite the need for further investigation, key NCDs that include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, and liver disease likely interfere with patients’ response to anti-tuberculosis treatment [1] , [30] . In contrast to other studies, the current study did not observe significant differences in TB outcomes by HIV status [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] . This might be due to methodological and participant selection differences; wherein previous reports did not adjust for other factors such as diabetes and relied on retrospective research designs.…”