Treatment Outcomes and Predictors Among Tuberculosis Patients at Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia

Mamo, Ayele; Mama, Mohammedaman; Solomon, Damtew; Mohammed, Mesud

doi:10.2147/idr.s285542

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The current study indicated that HIV co-infection was a predictive factor for poor TB treatment success with (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.36-2.72; p = 0.001) HIV co-infected patients were twice more likely to have poor treatment success compared with their HIV negative counterparts. These results agree with the findings of other studies, which reported that HIV co-infection significantly affects the overall TB treatment success rate [6,12,58,59,[64][65][66]. The finding of our review also supported studies that reported being HIV positive as a predictive factor for TB-related mortality [8,14,28,35,44].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Predictors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Teferi

El‐Khatib

Boltena

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This review aimed to summarize and estimate the TB treatment success rate and factors associated with unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes in Africa. Potentially eligible primary studies were retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar. The risk of bias and quality of studies was assessed using The Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) appraisal criteria, while heterogeneity across studies was assessed using Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistic. Publication bias was checked using the funnel plot and egger’s test. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO, numbered CRD42019136986. A total of 26 eligible studies were considered. The overall pooled estimate of TB treatment success rate was found to be 79.0% (95% CI: 76–82%), ranging from 53% (95% CI: 47–58%) in Nigeria to 92% (95% CI: 90–93%) in Ethiopia. The majority of unsuccessful outcomes were attributed to 48% (95% CI: 40–57%) death and 47% (95% CI: 39–55%) of defaulter rate. HIV co-infection and retreatment were significantly associated with an increased risk of unsuccessful treatment outcomes compared to HIV negative and newly diagnosed TB patients with RR of 1.53 (95% CI: 1.36–1.71) and 1.48 (95% CI: 1.14–1.94) respectively. TB treatment success rate was 79% below the WHO defined threshold of 85% with significant variation across countries. Countries need to explore contextual underlining factors and more effort is required in providing TB preventive treatment, improve case screening and linkage for TB treatment among HIV high-risk groups and use confirmatory TB diagnostic modality. Countries in Africa need to strengthen counseling and follow-up, socio-economic support for patients at high risk of loss to follow-up and poor treatment success is also crucial for successful TB control programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Predictors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Teferi

El‐Khatib

Boltena

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Females were nearly equal to males in this study, accounting for 50.4%. In contrast to this study, previous studies reported that males were dominant, such as a study in Dessie [9], Goba [10], and Harar [11]. Te burden of TB was higher among the age groups of 15-29 and 30-44 years, with 28.4% and 31.7%, respectively, which was in agreement with the previous study in southern Ethiopia [13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Of all patients enrolled in the DOTS clinic, 18.3% were HIV-positive, comparable with the reports done in Woldia (18.5%) [14], East Gojam (22.9%) [6], Goba (17.4%) [10], and Harar (22.8%) [11]. Human immunodefciency viruspositive individuals with low immunity might be coinfected with a variety of pathogens, including TB, in varying degrees of clinical manifestations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Its Predictors among Tuberculosis Patients Registered at Tefera Hailu Memorial General Hospital, Sekota Town, Northeast Ethiopia: A Seven-Year Retrospective Study

Debash

Nega²,

Bisetegn

et al. 2023

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Background. Despite the availability of effective medications, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a serious global public health problem, primarily affecting low and middle-income nations. Measuring and reporting TB treatment outcomes and identifying associated factors are fundamental parts of TB treatment. The goal of this study was to look at the outcomes of TB treatment and the factors that influence them in Sekota, Northeast Ethiopia. Materials and Methods. A facility-based retrospective study was conducted in Tefera Hailu Memorial General Hospital, Sekota town, Northeast Ethiopia. All TB patients who registered in the TB log book and had known treatment outcomes at the treatment center between January 1, 2015, and December 30, 2021, were included in this study. The data was gathered utilizing a pretested structured data extraction format that comprised demographic, clinical, and treatment outcome characteristics. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were employed. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. A total of 552 registered TB patients’ data were reviewed. Of these, 49.6% were male, 94.4% were new cases, 64.9% were presented with pulmonary TB, and 18.3% were HIV positive. Regarding the treatment outcome, 11.6% were cured, 82.2% completed their treatment, 1.1% had failed treatment, 1.3% were lost to follow-up, and the remaining 3.8% died during the follow-up. The overall treatment success rate among TB patients was 93.8%. The maximum number of successful treatment outcomes was 94.9% in 2021, while the lowest was 86.7% in 2020. The pattern of successful treatment results changes with the number of years of treatment. In the current study, being a new TB patient (AOR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.31–7.32) and being an HIV-negative patient (AOR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.20–5.8) were factors independently associated with a successful treatment outcome. Conclusion. The rate of successful TB treatment outcomes in the current study was satisfactory. This achievement should be maintained and enhanced further by developing effective monitoring systems and educating patients about medication adherence.

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“…The hospital provides HIV/AIDS interventions, including free diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. 45 A total of 308 HIV-positive adults on HAART follow-up during the recruitment period were enrolled in this study. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire prepared and validated against literature reviews for the data collection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological parameters abnormalities and associated factors in HIV-positive adults before and after highly active antiretroviral treatment in Goba Referral Hospital, southeast Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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Objectives: Hematological abnormalities of the major blood cell lines are frequently reported in patients with HIV-1 infection, in patients without antiretroviral therapy, and during the advanced stages of the disease. Chronic immune activation and inflammation results in the progressive depletion of CD4+ T-cells play a significant role in the clinical progression and pathogenesis of this infection. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of hematological abnormalities and their associated factors before and after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in adults with HIV-1 infection in a referral hospital. Methods: The study was conducted from 1 April to 30 June 2018, at Goba Referral Hospital. A total of 308 HIV-positive adults on treatment were enrolled during the study period. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire, with pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy data were extracted from medical records while post-treatment immuno-hematological measurements were done on blood samples collected at the time of enrollment. Results: The prevalence of anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia before initiation of antiretroviral treatment was higher, although anemia and thrombocytopenia decreased correspondingly after initiation of treatment leukopenia increased by 4%. Mean values of immuno-hematological parameters before and after treatment initiation were significant ( p < 0.05). CD4+ T-cell count <200 cells/µL was the only independent risk factor for anemia and leukopenia before highly active antiretroviral therapy, while stage IV disease, female sex, zidovudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine treatment, and intestinal parasite infection were predictors of anemia after treatment initiation. Conclusion: The study revealed that hematological abnormalities are common in HIV infection, while the occurrence of abnormalities after highly active antiretroviral therapy initiation. Different risk factors are associated with hematological abnormalities at pre- and post-highly active antiretroviral therapy with regular monitoring of risk factors, adherence to the early initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy, and conduct of further longitudinal studies are recommended.

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Treatment Outcomes and Predictors Among Tuberculosis Patients at Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Predictors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Predictors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Its Predictors among Tuberculosis Patients Registered at Tefera Hailu Memorial General Hospital, Sekota Town, Northeast Ethiopia: A Seven-Year Retrospective Study

Hematological parameters abnormalities and associated factors in HIV-positive adults before and after highly active antiretroviral treatment in Goba Referral Hospital, southeast Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

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