Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, Blood Lipids and Intestinal Sterols in Human Intervention Studies Using Different Sources of Phosphate as Supplements—Pooled Results and Literature Search

Abstract

Phosphates are associated with negative physiological effects. The objectives of this publication were to compare differential effects of supplementation with calcium phosphate or phosphate alone in healthy humans. Four adult human studies were conducted with pentacalcium hydroxy-trisphosphate supplementation (CaP; 90 subjects) and their data were pooled for assessment. For literature search; PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge were used and 21 items were assigned to three main topics. The pooled study results show that following CaP supplementation, faecal calcium and phosphorus and urinary calcium were increased, blood lipids were positively modulated, and faecal bile acids were increased, as compared with placebo. The literature search reveals that following calcium phosphate supplementation, urinary calcium was increased. Following solely phosphate supplementation, urinary phosphorus was increased and urinary calcium was decreased. Postprandial calcium concentrations were increased following calcium phosphate supplementation. Postprandial phosphate concentrations were increased following solely phosphate supplementation. Calcium phosphate supplementation resulted in rather positively modulated blood lipids and gut-related parameters. The presented results show the relevance to distinguish between calcium phosphate and solely phosphate supplementations, and the importance of a balanced calcium and phosphorus intake.

Development and Biochemical Composition Assessment of Fish Powders from Bangladeshi Indigenous Fish Species and Shelf-Life Characteristics Evaluation During 90 Days of Room Temperature (27°C - 30°C) Storage

“…The trace element contents are presented in ( [47]. One study reported that H. molitrix and L. rohita fish powder contain calcium content as 2.52 g/kg and 2.5 g/kg respectively [11].…”

“…Phosphorus is one of the most important minerals in human physiology, possessing functions such as structural integrity in bones and teeth, cell signaling, and blood bufferin [47]. Another study [43]…”

Dietary Phytase and Lactic Acid-Treated Cereal Grains Differently Affected Calcium and Phosphorus Homeostasis from Intestinal Uptake to Systemic Metabolism in a Pig Model

“…It was shown that enhanced intestinal availability and absorption of P negatively impact Ca metabolism and if leading to an P overload also negatively impact P metabolism. This is in particular the case when calcium intake is low to moderate as it is the case with phosphate-rich Western-style diets [18][19][20][21].…”

Habitual confectionery intake is associated with serum phosphorus levels : A cross-sectional study on healthy subjects

“…Trautvetter et al compared the differential effects of supplementation with calcium phosphate or phosphate alone by combining pooled results of their randomized human intervention studies with those of reported randomized human intervention studies. Calcium phosphate supplementation increased fecal but not urinary phosphorus, whereas phosphate supplementation alone increased urinary excretion (34). Because processed meat, fish, and cereal are consumed with other foods, their phosphorus may interact with other digestive tract minerals, whereas, confectioneries may be consumed only as snacks.…”