3. Young Italians on the move

Montanari, Armando; Staniscia, Barbara

doi:10.14361/9783839434789-003

Cited by 7 publications

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“…Recent academic debate about the international mobility of young Italians has centered on Italy's systemic issues and ongoing short-term economic crisis. The number of young Italians moving abroad has grown continuously since the beginning of the century (ISTAT, various years;Bonifazi, 2017), with the outflow intensifying further following the economic and financial crisis of [2007][2008] (Bonifazi and Livi Bacci, 2014;Montanari and Staniscia, 2017), even though these streams are not always recorded in the official figures (Sanfilippo, 2017). Figures for the number of Italians who have transferred their residence to another country since 1995 are given in figure 1.…”

Section: Introduction 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The factors that facilitate or promote greater international mobility among young people (at the cost of accepting structurally precarious employment -Pugliese, 2018), meanwhile, appear both complex and numerous (Gallo and Staniscia, 2016): difficulty in finding a job or long-term employment in a country with negative or weakly positive growth rates, where a growing number of people live "below the breadline" and inequality is on the rise (Gjergji, 2015); recruitment methods that lack in transparency and meritocracy (Conti and King, 2015); the system's inability to make proper use of "talents" and "brains", i.e. highly-skilled professionals, particularly those working in research (Brandi, 2006;; a general degree of dissatisfaction with Italy, a general feeling of resignation and the dream of moving abroad in the hope of finding more open, stimulating and outward-looking societies (Gjergji, 2015;Caneva, 2016;Montanari and Staniscia, 2017;Staniscia, 2018). The determinant factors in the emigration of young Italians in this period seem to be of a similar nature to, and in keeping with, those at work in other Mediterranean countries (Labrianidis and Vogiatzis, 2013;Triandafyllidou and Gropas, 2014;King et al 2016;Domínguez-Mujica and Pérez García, 2017;Pratsinakis et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introduction 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does regional development explain international youth mobility?

Staniscia¹,

Benassi²

2018

belgeo

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Section: Introduction 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does regional development explain international youth mobility?

Staniscia¹,

Benassi²

2018

belgeo

Self Cite

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“…These working conditions are shared with young, high‐skilled professionals outside of the academic setting for whom migration has become a valid option in pursuing a career (Mendoza, ). It is possible that academic migration responds less to specific conditions in the sector and more to wider trends in labour conditions resulting from a greater precariousness in jobs in Southern Europe, especially among young people (e.g., Montanari & Staniscia, ; Pugliese, ). Yet, rather than “economic migrants,” people moving within academia have been generally considered to be “knowledge migrants” and “talent migrants” (Ackers & Gill, ; Ganga et al, ), to the extent that the literature rarely takes a labour market perspective when analysing academic mobility (Bauder, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Knowledge migrants” or “economic migrants”? Patterns of academic mobility and migration from Southern Europe to Mexico

Mendoza

Staniscia

Guitart

2019

Population Space and Place

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Because mobility has been described as a key element of the academic habitus and a well‐established norm in scientific life, people moving within academia have been generally considered to be “knowledge migrants” and “talent migrants.” Indeed, the literature rarely takes a labour market perspective when analysing academic mobility. However, Southern European academia is largely characterised by challenging working conditions, low wages, and a lack of fair competition for positons, all of which negatively affecting job prospects. Based on 25 in‐depth interviews, this paper explores the reasons behind the migration of a group of Spanish and Italian academics in Mexico with a view to bringing into focus the role of economic/labour and career‐related reasons in migration decisions. We find that their experiences fall along three main academic trajectories, which are distinguished by the stage in the participants' careers at which they decided to migrate and the channels by which they entered Mexican academia. Common to all three groups is the identification of the economic crisis and a lack of institutional support as strong motivating factors in their decision. Underlying this is the question of whether the studied group is best viewed as “knowledge”/“talent” migrants who have followed certain institutional channels or “economic migrants” who are somehow pushed to work abroad by the lack of good employment in their countries of origin. The paper also challenges mainstream ideas about academic mobility, in the sense that the literature has not considered the attractive power of universities/research centres located in the Global South.

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“…The Italians had more international experience in general, while only a few of the Spanish interviewees had lived in other countries apart from Italy or Spain. As has also been found in other destinations (King et al, ; Triandafyllidou & Gropas, ), Italians show discontent with politics and public institutions and express a lot of criticism on organisation and bureaucracy (Montanari & Staniscia, ). This is an important reason to move abroad and not return, to “vote with their feet” (Triandafyllidou & Gropas, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…These large‐scale migrations have been extensively studied, resulting in a wealth of literature (Bonifazi & Strozza, ; Montanari & Staniscia, ; Staniscia, ). More recently, a new wave of emigration from Southern Europe to Northern and Western Europe has drawn scientific and social attention (Labrianidis & Vogiatzis, ; Domingo, Sabater, & Ortega, ; Labrianidis, ; Gallo & Staniscia, ; Montanari & Staniscia, ). The traditional problems young people encounter in getting a job and their disillusion with politics and public institutions have been a key motivation for young Southern Europeans to move abroad (King, Lulle, Conti, & Mueller, ; Triandafyllidou & Gropas, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal youth mobilities between Italy and Spain: A question of elective affinities

Pumares

González-Martín

Montanari

et al. 2017

Population Space and Place

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Italy and Spain are two countries with important migration traditions, yet very little research has been done on movements between these two Southern European countries. In this paper, the main research question concerns the determinants of migration and, in some cases, return of young Italians and Spaniards. Based on an analysis of the transcripts of 69 in-depth interviews, we survey migrants' motivations and expectations, their economic and social integration and their future plans, and thereby attempt to understand the specific features of this "horizontal" mobility.The research results find little weight for a purely economic rationale behind the choice of Italians and Spaniards to move to the other country. What seems to be important are two factors acting in combination: (a) the "affinity factor" between the two countries, including the relative ease of learning the language, the consequent frequency and intensity of contact with members of the host population, and the result therefore of "feeling comfortable" during their stay abroad; (b) the lubricating effect of free movement. However, the migration relationship between the two countries is not fully reciprocal and there is one major element of asymmetry. Although experiences of social and cultural integration are positive in both cases, differences in the socio-economic context, especially the labour market and cost of living, help to explain the imbalance in the two-way flows, including returns, which is positive for Spain and negative for Italy. KEYWORDS mobility motivations, return motivations, young Italians, young Spaniards, youth migration, youth mobility 1 | INTRODUCTION Personal mobility in the European Union (EU) space is the "fourth freedom" of EU citizens and it goes together with an EU integrated labour market (Favell, 2014). As a consequence of this political framework young Europeans, free to move, are "liberated": from the national rules and local traditions characterising the places they originate from; from "the provinces, the intolerant, the xenophobic, the small-minded. From persecution. From ingrained tradition, hierarchy, privilege, thoughtless social reproduction. From other people's norms" (Favell, 2008: 5). Favell and Recchi (2011) show that spatial mobility brings social mobility for young EU citizens originating from Eastern European member countries, whereas "social fluidity and social reproduction" coexist in (from study or unemployment into work, and from family dependency to independent living), the economic and social integration of the migrants and their future plans. First, we will address the results by group, and then we will proceed with the discussion and main conclusions. | METHODOLOGYTo answer these questions and generate relevant data, we relied mainly on in-depth interviews, averaging around 1 hour in length, with 69 research participants aged 22-39 years at the time of interview (see Table 1). Two criteria were imposed to define the sample: the migration abroad had to have taken place after age 18 and b...

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3. Young Italians on the move

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Does regional development explain international youth mobility?

Does regional development explain international youth mobility?

“Knowledge migrants” or “economic migrants”? Patterns of academic mobility and migration from Southern Europe to Mexico

Reciprocal youth mobilities between Italy and Spain: A question of elective affinities

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