“…Broadly speaking, two approaches to the syntax of clitics can be distinguished in the literature: (a) a base-generation approach, where the clitic is base-generated in its surface position, from where it can license an empty element elsewhere in the sentence (Rivas 1977, Jaeggli 1982, Borer 1984, and (b) a movement approach, where the clitic is base-generated as an argument of some lexical head and moved to its surface position during the syntactic derivation (Kayne 1975, Pijnenburg 1991, Haverkort 1993. Emonds' paper clearly belongs to the first tradition.…”