3-D-micro-ERDA microscopy of trace hydrogen distributions in diamond using a 2-D-PSD with event reconstruction

Doyle, B.P.; Maclear, R.D.; Connell, S. H.; Formenti, Paola; Machi, I.Z.; Butler, J.E.; Schaaff, Petra; Sellschop, J.P.F.; Sideras‐Haddad, E.; Bharuth‐Ram, K.

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(97)00367-4

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Various values have been calculated for the binding energy of the H * 2 pair relative to two bond-centred H defects: 1.5 eV [130] and 2.5 eV [82,124]. The relatively large binding energy is consistent with experimental evidence for self-trapping of hydrogen in diamond [151]. Furthermore, the migration barrier for the hydrogen pair is estimated to be at least 3.5 eV [82,124], and therefore H * 2 constitutes a very stable defect in diamond.…”

Section: Di-hydrogen Aggregatesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Theory of hydrogen in diamond

Goss

2003

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

174

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Hydrogen is a ubiquitous impurity in diamond but in contrast to other group IV materials the microscopic structure adopted in bulk material has largely remained elusive. It has therefore been the role of modelling to predict the properties of H in bulk diamond, as well as the interactions with impurities and other defects. Presented here is an account of the current theoretical understanding of hydrogen in diamond. Contents1. Introduction 552 2. Theoretical approaches 554 2.1. Hartree-Fock based methods 554 2.2. Density functional methods 555 2.3. Tight-binding approaches 555 2.4. Basis sets and Brillouin zone sampling 556 2.5. Classical versus quantum mechanical treatment of the H atoms 556 2.6. Summary 556 2.7. Calculation of experimental observables 557 3. Muonium and interstitial hydrogen 561 3.1. Muonium hyperfine coupling constants 563 3.2. Electrical activity of isolated hydrogen 564 3.3. Vibrational modes of interstitial H 565 3.4. Diffusion of interstitial hydrogen 565 3.5. Solubility of bond-centred hydrogen 567 3.6. Hydrogen in near-surface region 567 4. Di-hydrogen aggregates 568 5. Hydrogenated lattice vacancies 569

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Section: Di-hydrogen Aggregatesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Theory of hydrogen in diamond

Goss

2003

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

174

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“…Muons have also been used to examine possible trap sites for hydrogen at nitrogen A-and B-centres [12]. Hydrogen self-trapping has also been explored both theoretically and experimentally [9,29]. Given the importance of hydrogen in the gas phase growth of diamond, it is unsurprising that hydrogen-containing centers form a important class of grown-in electrically and optically active complex defects involving other impurities such as nitrogen and silicon, [30,31] for which density functional based methods have been successfully employed in their elucidation [32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bistable N2–H complexes: The first proposed structure of a H-related colour-causing defect in diamond

Goss

Ewels

Briddon

et al. 2011

Diamond and Related Materials

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“…Several techniques for quantitative hydrogen imaging have been developed. [1][2][3][4][5][6] However, imaging of hydrogen on a micrometer scale or even with resolutions better than a micrometer is a great challenge. Standard techniques for elemental analyses like x-ray fluorescence or Auger electron spectroscopy 7 are not applicable for hydrogen detection as a matter of principle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is nearly constant for scattering angles between 30°and 60°͑ e.g., lab Ϸ0.1ϫ10 Ϫ24 cm 2 /sr in the laboratory system for 19.8 MeV protons͒ 17 and about three orders of magnitude enhanced over the scattering cross section which would be expected from a pure Coulomb interaction. It has therefore by far the largest ratio of detection cross section to damage cross section of all other possible ion beam techniques for hydrogen analyses like elastic recoil detection 4,5,18 or nuclear reaction analysis. 19 Thus, it is the only technique which guarantees low enough beam damage that hydrogen images of submicron resolution can be gained without significantly changing the hydrogen content in the investigated area.…”

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confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional hydrogen microscopy using a high-energy proton probe

Dollinger

Reichart

Datzmann

et al. 2003

Applied Physics Letters

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It is a challenge to measure two-dimensional or three-dimensional ͑3D͒ hydrogen profiles on a micrometer scale. Quantitative hydrogen analyses of micrometer resolution are demonstrated utilizing proton-proton scattering at a high-energy proton microprobe. It has more than an-order-of-magnitude better position resolution and in addition higher sensitivity than any other technique for 3D hydrogen analyses. This type of hydrogen imaging opens plenty room to characterize microstructured materials, and semiconductor devices or objects in microbiology. The first hydrogen image obtained with a 10 MeV proton microprobe shows the hydrogen distribution of the microcapillary system being present in the wing of a mayfly and demonstrates the potential of the method.

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3-D-micro-ERDA microscopy of trace hydrogen distributions in diamond using a 2-D-PSD with event reconstruction

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Theory of hydrogen in diamond

Theory of hydrogen in diamond

Bistable N2–H complexes: The first proposed structure of a H-related colour-causing defect in diamond

Three-dimensional hydrogen microscopy using a high-energy proton probe

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