3,4‐Dihydroxybenzaldehyde lowers ROS generation and protects human red blood cells from arsenic(III) induced oxidative damage

Abstract

Arsenic (As) is a potent environmental toxicant and chronic exposure to it results in various malignancies in humans. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of As-induced toxicity. This investigated the protective effect of plant antioxidant 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (DHB) on sodium meta-arsenite (SA), an As-(III) compound, induced oxidative damage in human red blood cells (RBC). The RBC were first incubated with different concentrations of DHB and then treated with SA at 37°C. Hemolysates were prepared and assayed for various biochemical parameters. Treatment of RBC with SA alone enhanced the generation of reactive oxygen species and increased lipid and protein oxidation. Reduced glutathione levels, total sulfhydryl content and cellular antioxidant power were significantly decreased in SA alone treated RBC, compared to the untreated control cells. This was accompanied by membrane damage, alterations in activities of antioxidant enzymes and deranged glucose metabolism. Incubation of RBC with DHB, prior to treatment with SA, significantly and dose-dependently attenuated the SA-induced changes in all these parameters. Scanning electron microscopy of RBC confirmed these biochemical results. Treatment of RBC with SA alone converted the biconcave discoids to echinocytes but the presence of DHB inhibited this conversion and the RBC retained their normal shape. These results show that DHB protects human RBC from SA-induced oxidative damage, most probably due to its antioxidant character.

Gallic acid and MiADMSA reversed arsenic induced oxidative/nitrosative damage in rat red blood cells

“…Prior treatment with MiADMSA and combination therapy successfully recovered the enzyme activity. Data obtained in our study further get credibility from earlier study done by Maheshwari et al [35].…”

“…Beside this, rat RBCs are more susceptible to osmotic fragility and demonstrates high diffusion permeability as compared to human RBCs [34]. These all key differences suggest that rat RBCs may be considered as an emerging model to understand the molecular mechanism of oxidative stress imparted by toxicants [35].…”

“…There have been several reports concerning the effect of As on RBC [33,35] but corresponding studies accounting the role of novel thiol chelator MiADMSA against toxic effects of As on RBC are lacking. Even no study revealed the effect of gallic acid alone or in combination with thiol chelator upon reversal of oxidative/nitrosative damage to red blood cells.…”

Pharmacological and Chemical Potential of Spiranthes sinensis (Orchidaceae): A Narrative Review

“…Additionally, 3,4-DHB possesses anti-inflammatory activities, neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress, and anticancer activities [23]. 3,4-DHB is a structurally simple polyphenolic compound found in grapevine leaves, buckwheat, barley, green cavendish bananas, and Chinese red sage plants [24][25][26]. It is widely used as a food flavor and pharmaceutical intermediate.…”

Cross-Linking Porcine Pericardium by 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde: A Novel Method to Improve the Biocompatibility of Bioprosthetic Valve

“…One potential replacement for GLUT is 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (DHBA), a polyphenol substance. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde has been proved to have multiple pharmacological effects such as antioxidation, , anti-inflammation, − antiapoptosis, antivirus, and antisepsis . A previous study proved that the biomechanical properties and stability of collagen fibrils could be enhanced by cross-linking with DHBA under the effect of sodium periodate .…”