2K×2K NIR HgCdTe Detector Arrays for VISTA and Other Applications

Love, Peter J.; Hoffman, Alan W.; Ando, Ken; Corrales, E.; Ritchie, William D.; Therrien, Neil J.; Rosbeck, J. P.; Holcombe, Roger S.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4330-9_44

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Additionally the sensitivity of the SFD structure is low due to the high intrinsic detector capacitance in the InGaAs photodetectors. (5,6,7) The DI structure is also a very simple and power lean interface; in its most simple approach, it requires only one integrating capacitor and 2 transistors more than the SFD stage. In this circuit the bias over the detector is kept nearly As a result the only low dark current, low lag and broad application interface circuit for SWIR detectors is the CTIA interface stage; despite of its transistor count and of the higher unit cell power dissipation.…”

Section: Detector Interfacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-noise, fast frame-rate InGaAs 320 x 256 FPA for hyperspectral applications

et al. 2009

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InGaAs is the material of preference for uncooled imaging in the [0.9-1.7 µm] SWIR range, as it can be manufactured on low cost InP substrates in a mainstream technology for optical telecommunications. By removing the substrate the spectral range can be extended to the [0.6 -1.7 µm] range. In this way low cost, room temperature operated FPAs cameras for imaging and hyperspectral applications can be developed. The FPA is built around a low power CTIA stage with 3 S&H capacitors in the 20*20 um 2 unit cell. This approach results in a synchronous shutter operation, which will support both ITR and IWR operation.In IWR mode the integration dead time is limited to max. 10 µsec. The CDS operation yields in a high sensitivity combined with a low noise: This presentation will focus on the development of a 20 µm pitch 320*256 device, with the following main characteristics: 20 µV/e-sensitivity and < 60 e-noise. The 4 low-power, differential outputs are enabling to drive an output load of > 30 pF at 40 Msamples/sec each, resulting in a > 1700 Hz frame rate, while at the same time the overall nominal power dissipation is < 200 mW. The ROIC is realized in a 0.35 um technology and the outputs are designed to drive directly a 3.3 V, 1.5 V VCM differential AD convertor. The circuit also supports a NDR operating mode to further reduce the noise of the FPA. A small from factor camera with Cameralink output is built around this FPA.

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Section: Detector Interfacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-noise, fast frame-rate InGaAs 320 x 256 FPA for hyperspectral applications

et al. 2009

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“…At that moment the Source Follower per Detector or SFD interface becomes interesting. This interface cell (see Figure 2) has only 3 transistors per cell [7][8][9][10][11]. The reset transistor is only carrying a limited amount of current during the reset cycle of the interface; also the transistor is in the triode mode, where the electric field are low.…”

Section: \T Source Followermentioning

confidence: 99%

COUGAR: a liquid nitrogen cooled InGaAs camera for astronomy and electro-luminescence

et al. 2014

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A SWIR FPA was designed and manufactured with 640*512 pixels, 20 µm pitch and InGaAs detectors for electroluminescence characterization and astronomical applications in the [0.9 -1.55 µm] range. The FPA is mounted in a liquid nitrogen dewar and is operated by a low noise frontend electronics.One of the biggest problem in designing sensors and cameras for electro-luminescence measurements is the autoillumination of the detectors by the readout circuit. Besides of proper shielding of the detectors, the ROIC shall be optimized for minimal electrical activity during the integration time of the very-weak signals coming from the circuit under test. For this reason a SFD (or Source Follower per Detector) architecture (like in the Hawaii sensor) was selected, resulting in a background limited performance of the detector.The pixel has a (somewhat arbitrary) full well capacity of 400 000 e -and a sensitivity of 2.17 µV/e -.The dark signal is app. 1 e-/pixel/sec and with the appropriate Fowler sampling the dark noise lowers below 5 erms . The power consumption of the circuit is limited 2 mW, allowing more than 24 hours of operation on less than 1 l of liquid nitrogen. The FPA is equipped with 4 outputs (optional readout on one single channel) and is capable of achieving 3 frames per second. Due to the non-destructive readout it is possible to determine in a dynamic way the optimal integration time for each observation.The Cougar camera is equipped with ultra-low noise power supply and bias lines; the electronics contain also a 24 bit AD converter to fully exploit the sensitivity of the FPA and the camera.

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“…The generated light is wave-guided in the substrate and tends to escape from the sides of the chip. For those applications the integration time is very long and hence the detectors need to be cooled to 200 K or even 77K; under these assumptions, the detector shunt resistance becomes very high and hence the SFD stage seems to be the best alternative, such as demonstrated by the Virgo [9], Hawaii [15] and Cougar device [16]. In this interface circuit only one detector interface is active at the time instead of all matrix elements in parallel.…”

Section: Low Light Level Swir Detector Interfacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

InGaAs detectors and FPA’s for a large span of applications: design and material considerations

Merken

2017

International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2014

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2K×2K NIR HgCdTe Detector Arrays for VISTA and Other Applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Low-noise, fast frame-rate InGaAs 320 x 256 FPA for hyperspectral applications

Low-noise, fast frame-rate InGaAs 320 x 256 FPA for hyperspectral applications

COUGAR: a liquid nitrogen cooled InGaAs camera for astronomy and electro-luminescence

InGaAs detectors and FPA’s for a large span of applications: design and material considerations

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