2D to 3D rectangular waveguide filter designs from linear iterated prediction space mapping optimization

Abstract

In this article, an optimization procedure is described to align electromagnetic (EM) three‐dimensional (3D) models with two‐dimensional (2D) models for the design of RF/microwave circuits. The optimization procedure is realized from a modified standard space mapping (SM) approach. The mapping function between the 2D and 3D parameter spaces is directly obtained from a linear iterated prediction method, which reduces the computational cost and also avoids inverse transformations. The linear iterated prediction 2D to 3D SM optimization of evanescent rectangular waveguide bandpass filters with inductive posts for the 2D models and non‐inductive posts for the 3D models illustrate the advantages and the challenges of this approach. The proposed method is simple to be implemented, it requires a reduced computational cost and it can be useful for CAD environment with 2D and 3D circuit structure electromagnetic (EM) analysis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1979–1983, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24459

Efficient optimization‐oriented design methodology of high‐order 3‐D filters using 2‐D and 3‐D electromagnetic simulators

“…For the optimization of the selected low‐order 3‐D filter, an IL‐SM procedure is used to find an approximate root of the system of nonlinear equations where , X 3D, z is known, X 2D is obtained from in the first sub‐process and is a multidimensional IL vector function ( A i and B i are the coefficient vectors), which is iteratively evaluated through an alignment of the 2‐D and 3‐D EM simulator responses of the selected low‐order filter up to satisfy the error criterion ε where is the square of the Euclidean norm of the error vector e , q is the number of discrete frequency points aligning the discrete response specifications between the 2‐D and 3‐D EM simulator responses and e q is the q th error vector given by …”

“…These strategies use space mapping (SM) optimization techniques in order to reduce the design time . Nevertheless, the first approaches still require a significant amount of computation time and memory to optimize high‐order 3‐D filters , while the last method was introduced for the optimization of 2‐D filters (inductive waveguide structures) .…”

“…In the RF/microwave field, the efforts are also focused on reducing the iteration number of those analysis tools requiring large computational times. The purposes of this paper are to take into account the ability of each EM simulator and to develop an optimization algorithm that allows the computationally efficient optimization-oriented design of high-order 3-D filters.Recently, innovative procedures have been proposed combining 2-D and 3-D EM simulators for the optimization-oriented design of 3-D filters [12,13]. Another approach aims at the efficient optimization of high-order 2-D filters [14].…”

“…These strategies use space mapping (SM) optimization techniques in order to reduce the design time [15,16]. Nevertheless, the first approaches still require a significant amount of computation time and memory to optimize high-order 3-D filters [12,13], while the last method was introduced for the optimization of 2-D filters (inductive waveguide structures) [14].The objective of this paper is to propose a novel technique that extends the prior approaches to the very efficient optimization-oriented design of high-order 3-D filters. An illustration highlighting this design process is shown in Figure 1.…”

Efficient design of SIW filters by using equivalent circuit models and calibrated space-mapping optimization

“…An improvement of the original SM technique was achieved with the aggressive SM [19], which further reduces the number of fine analyses. Among the variety of applications, SM optimization has been also applied successfully to the design of waveguide components [20][21][22][23].…”