2D semiconducting materials for electronic and optoelectronic applications: potential and challenge

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors hold promises for electronic and optoelectronic applications due to their outstanding electrical and optical properties. Despite a short research history, a wide range of ‘proof-of-concept’ devices based on 2D materials have been demonstrated, highlighting their impact in advanced technology. Here we review the unique properties 2D semiconducting materials and their applications in terms of electronic and optoelectronic devices. We summarize all the engineering issues in 2D devices, including material quality, dielectric, and contacts. We also discuss recent advances of 2D semiconductor devices in electronic and optoelectronic applications. This review would help to understand superior performance and multifunctions of 2D semiconductor devices and guide us toward new device applications of 2D semiconductors.

Interactions Between 2D Materials and Living Matter: A Review on Graphene and Hexagonal Boron Nitride Coatings

“…The interactions with coatings made of different materials have shown to play a role in modulating or tailoring cellular response. Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) are a class of atomic-thick materials that are the subject of intense research efforts, motivated by a wide range of useful properties of high interest in several technological fields ( Miró et al, 2014 ; Bonaccorso et al, 2015 ; Capasso et al, 2019 ; Kang et al, 2020 ). In the biomedical field, applications for 2DMs include bio-sensing ( Pumera, 2011 ), tissue engineering ( Goenka et al, 2014 ), personal protective equipment fabrication ( Zhong et al, 2020 ), and drug or gene delivery ( Chimene et al, 2015 ).…”

“…Graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are archetypal 2DMs that have drawn the attention of researchers ( Randviir et al, 2014 ; Kang et al, 2020 ; Khan et al, 2020 ; Mendelson et al, 2020 ). Graphene is a carbon allotrope consisting of a single layer of sp 2 -bonded carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice ( Figure 1A ) ( Novoselov et al, 2004 ; Geim et al, 2005 ; Allen et al, 2010 ).…”

Tuning Structural and Electronic Properties of Phosphorene with Vacancies

“…The atomic planes of the two-dimensional crystals are weakly held to each other by van der Waals (vdW) forces so that they can be easily peeled off, leaving no dangling bonds [1]. Unlike bulk structure, they possess some specific features like: intrinsic high mobility, thickness proportional band gap, high degree of mechanical stability, high surface to volume ratio [2] and offer a better platform for various opto-electronic applications that stems for their unique electrical, mechanical, and optical properties [3]. Graphene, a one atom thick crystalline allotrope of carbon, could be one of the obvious choices from two dimensional materials due to its high srength, and electrical/thermal conductivity.…”

2D pn junctions driven out-of-equilibrium

“…The need for miniaturization of structures in modern semiconductor electronics has directed signicant attention toward the fabrication of pn junctions based on atomically thin materials such as graphene, phosphorene, silicene, germanene, etc., and the family of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This kind of 2D pn junction takes advantage of the ultra-thin nature of 2D materials to offer new and exciting possibilities which are impossible to achieve by its 3D counterpart. These 2D pn junctions will be an essential part of the new generation of 2D crystal based electronic and optoelectronic devices such as photodiodes, transistors, solar cells, photo-detectors, etc.…”