2D and 3D Bulk Materials for Environmental Remediation: Air Filtration and Oil/Water Separation

Abstract

Air and water pollution pose an enormous threat to human health and ecosystems. In particular, particulate matter (PM) and oily wastewater can cause serious environmental and health concerns. Thus, controlling PM and oily wastewater has been a great challenge. Various techniques have been reported to effectively remove PM particles and purify oily wastewater. In this article, we provide a review of the recent advancements in air filtration and oil/water separation using two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) bulk materials. Our review covers the advantages, characteristics, limitations, and challenges of air filters and oil/water separators using 2D and 3D bulk materials. In each section, we present representative works in detail and describe the concepts, backgrounds, employed materials, fabrication methods, and characteristics of 2D and 3D bulk material-based air filters and oil/water separators. Finally, the challenges, technical problems, and future research directions are briefly discussed for each section.

Nanostructured Materials for Water Purification: Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions and Organic Dyes

“…However, there are drawbacks to using nanomaterials directly in water treatment. First, nanomaterials, particularly nanoparticles, tend to agglomerate during the water purification process due to their high surface areas and strong dipole–dipole interactions, resulting in significant loss of activity [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. In addition, isolating nanomaterials from aqueous media remains a difficult task, as it may result in the unintended leakage of nanomaterials into ecosystems, posing a significant risk to the environment and human health [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Preparation of porous PTFE/C composite foam and its application in gravity‐driven oil–water separation

“…Due to increasingly serious water pollution caused by discharge of industrial wastewater with oil or oil spill accidents, more and more attention has been focused on oil–water separation 1–13 . In particular, gravity‐assisted oil–water separation has a high application value 14–20 .…”

“…Due to increasingly serious water pollution caused by discharge of industrial wastewater with oil or oil spill accidents, more and more attention has been focused on oil-water separation. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] In particular, gravity-assisted oil-water separation has a high application value. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The key to gravity-assisted oil-water separation is the selection of filtration media exhibiting extreme wettability.…”

Hybrid Bead Air Filters with Low Pressure Drops at a High Flow Rate for the Removal of Particulate Matter and HCHO

“…PM is a hydrophilic chemical mixture consisting of nitrate, sulfate, silicate, chloride, and elemental carbon, which are generally formed by burning fossil fuels [ 1 ]. Therefore, much effort has been devoted to developing highly polar superhydrophilic or hydrophilic air filters [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Relatively little attention has been focused on hybrid air filters composed of hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials.…”