Cancer incidence in Mozambique in 2015–2016: data from the Maputo Central Hospital Cancer Registry

Abstract

There is scarce information on cancer incidence in Mozambique. We aimed to describe cancer incidence data from the Cancer Registry of the Maputo Central Hospital (MCH) in 2015-2016, for Maputo City dwellers, and to compare the incidence rates with those observed in 1956-1961. Cancers with incidence data in 2015-2016 were identified by the Cancer Registry of the MCH. Crude and age-standardized incident rates (ASIR, per 100 000) - direct method, world standard population - were computed for Maputo City, under the assumption that most cancer cases among this population were identified at the MCH. A total of 1707 incident cases in Maputo City dwellers were registered (76.6% confirmed histologically). Prostate cancer, Kaposi sarcoma, and liver cancer were the most frequent in men (ASIR: 24.5, 19.8, and 13.3, respectively). Cervical and breast cancers, and Kaposi sarcoma were the most common among women (ASIR: 32.4, 11.8, and 9.5, respectively). Compared with the data from 1956 to 1961, the most pronounced declines in ASIR were for bladder and liver cancers, in both sexes, and increases were greater for prostate cancer among men (172.2%) and breast cancer (237.1%) among women. Our study highlights the high frequency of infection-related cancers in Maputo, but also of those related to the ongoing demographic and socioeconomic transition.

Human papillomavirus prevalence and distribution in self‐collected samples from female university students in Maputo

“…7 In Mozambique, cervical cancer is reported to be the most common cancer among women, and was responsible for 45.5% of all cancer-related deaths in 2014, reflecting the high prevalence of both HPV and HIV infections. 18 Furthermore, in 2018 it was estimated that 8.5 million women aged 15 years and older are at risk of developing cervical cancer in Mozambique. 7 Self-sampling testing might be a low-resource alternative to physiciansampling to detect HPV DNA with similar sensitivity.…”

“…19 Furthermore, HPV DNA testing has higher detection sensitivity as compared with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), the national strategy adopted for cervical cancer screening in Mozambique. 18,20,21 Therefore, HPV DNA testing might be a better primary screening method for cervical cancer prevention in low-resource countries. 22,23 Currently, three licensed HPV vaccines are available: bivalent (Cervarix ® ; GSK, Rixensart, Belgium), quadrivalent (Gardasil ® ; Sanofi Pasteur MSD, Lyon, France), and nonavalent (Gardasil 9 ® ; Sanofi Pasteur MSD, Lyon, France).…”

Esophageal cancer in Mozambique: should mycotoxins be a concern?

“…Mozambique has a high rate of EC. According to previous studies, EC is the 4 th most incident malignant tumor in Maputo in both genders [8]. A study of 522 consecutive cases of EC diagnosed and treated at the Maputo Central Hospital revealed that most patients were female (n=291, 55.7%), and born in the southern region of the country (n=418, 80.1%) where the consumption of maize in food and in fermented beverages is high [9].…”

Breast cancer subtypes: implications for the treatment and survival of patients in Africa—a prospective cohort study from Mozambique

“…1 In Mozambique, it is now the second most incident cancer among Maputo City women, with a crude incidence rate of 8.6/100 000 women. 2 Furthermore, age-standardised mortality rates are greater in low/medium-income than in high-income countries (14.9 versus 11.6/100 000 women, respectively). 1 In sub-Saharan Africa, these differences have been attributed to the high proportion of patients with locally advanced/metastatic disease 3 and to poor access to diagnosis and treatments.…”