Metabolic syndrome and its components in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis on observational studies

Hallajzadeh, Jamal; Khoramdad, Maliheh; Izadi, Neda; Karamzad, Nahid; Almasi‐Hashiani, Amir; Ayubi, Erfan; Qorbani, Mostafa; Pakzad, Reza; Hasanzadeh, Amir; Sullman, Mark J.M.; Safiri, Saeid

doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000001136

Cited by 66 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Women's cardiometabolic risk significantly increases after shifting into menopause [3], and CVD is generally the leading cause of mortality in post-menopausal women [4]. A recent meta-analysis showed that post-menopausal women had about 1.5~4 times higher cardiometabolic risk and 3.5 times higher risk of development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) than premenopausal women [5]. Cardiometabolic risk is particularly prevalent in patients diagnosed as having MetS, and it is not only associated with aging but also, at least in part, related to decreased levels of ovarian hormones during the menopausal transition and beyond [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Levels are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Post-Menopausal Korean Women

Jung

Choi

Park

et al. 2020

JCM

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Menopause compounds many cardiometabolic risk factors through endogenous estrogen withdrawal. This study aimed to find the association between serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and cardiometabolic risk factors in post-menopausal Korean women. A total of 608 post-menopausal women from eight randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials on menopause during the year 2012–2019 were analyzed. Cardiometabolic risk factors such as body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and TG/HDL-C ratio were significantly improved as the FSH quartiles increased. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the number of components of MetS decreased as FSH quartiles increased. In regression analysis, FSH level was negatively associated with cardiometabolic risk factors including body mass index, body weight, waist circumference, fasting glucose and TG, while it was positively associated with HDL-C. The odds ratio of MetS in the first quartile of FSH was 2.682 compared with that in the fourth quartile of FSH in a logistic regression model. Serum FSH levels had a negative correlation with cardiometabolic risk factors in post-menopausal Korean women, suggesting that a low FSH can be a predictor for cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Levels are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Post-Menopausal Korean Women

Jung

Choi

Park

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…With age, a decrease in lean body mass, a decrease in skeletal muscle mass, an increase in the percentage of adipose tissue, as well as a decrease in basal metabolism and total energy expenditure are observed [ 83 ]. Three independent meta-analyses demonstrated that the incidence of MetS in post-menopausal women is relatively high and considerably higher than in pre-menopausal women [ 84 , 85 , 86 ]. In addition, a higher probability of diagnosing MetS in post-menopausal women than in their pre-menopausal counterparts has been demonstrated, based on the assessment of MetS components, regardless of the type of MetS diagnostic criteria [ 85 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three independent meta-analyses demonstrated that the incidence of MetS in post-menopausal women is relatively high and considerably higher than in pre-menopausal women [ 84 , 85 , 86 ]. In addition, a higher probability of diagnosing MetS in post-menopausal women than in their pre-menopausal counterparts has been demonstrated, based on the assessment of MetS components, regardless of the type of MetS diagnostic criteria [ 85 ]. It is suspected that MetS may also be associated with post-menopausal hyperandrogenism in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Whole Blood Lead (Pb-B) Levels on Changes in Peripheral Blood Morphology and Selected Biochemical Parameters, and the Severity of Depression in Peri-Menopausal Women at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome or with Metabolic Syndrome

Kamińska

Cybulska

Pańczyk

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The aim of our study was to assess the impact of whole blood lead (Pb-B) levels on changes in peripheral blood morphology and selected biochemical parameters, and the severity of depression in peri-menopausal women at risk of metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) or with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The study involved 233 women from the general population of the West Pomeranian Province (Poland) aged 44–65 years. The intensity of menopausal symptoms and the severity of depression was examined using the Blatt–Kupperman Index (KI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride levels (TG), cortisol, morphology of blood cells and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Pb-B was measured. Women with MetS had higher levels of glucose, HbA1C, HDL, LDL, TG, cortisol, insulin and higher HOMA-IR. No significant differences in Pb-B were observed between pre-MetS and the control group, and between pre-MetS and the MetS group. A significant correlation was noticed between Pb-B vs. the percentage of monocytes in blood, and blood cortisol levels in women with MetS; Pb-B vs. lymphocyte count and HbA1C in the pre-MetS group, as well as in the BDI scores between the MetS and pre-MetS group. We cannot clearly state that exposure to Pb is an environmental factor that can be considered as a risk factor for MetS in this studied group.

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“…In another study, LAP and VAI were also found to be effective markers for identifying the metabolically obese, normal-weight individuals who are predisposed to diabetes and CVD development (12) . In a recent meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of MetS was found as 37.17% among postmenopausal women (13) . MetS was also found to be more prevalent in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women (13) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of MetS was found as 37.17% among postmenopausal women (13) . MetS was also found to be more prevalent in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women (13) . Additionally, in another meta-analysis, it was also suggested that almost all MetS-associated components except high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were unfavorably changed after menopause (14) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral adiposity indicators as predictors of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women

İlhan¹,

Yıldızhan²

2019

tjod

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Objective:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the importance of visceral adiposity indicators on metabolic parameters in postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study included 200 postmenopausal subjects. Postmenopausal women were divided into two groups based on the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) as MetS+ and MetS-. Comparisons of clinical and metabolic characteristics were performed between the groups.Results:The current study included 200 postmenopausal women and 63 subjects were diagnosed as having MetS. Postmenopausal women with MetS demonstrated significantly higher values with respect to systolic and diastolic blood pressures, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), triglyceride (TG), lipid ratios, Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA) index, TG glucose (TyG), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP) when compared with women without MetS. Correlation analyses showed that LAP and VAI were positively correlated with waist circumference, WHR, BMI, TG, lipid ratios, TyG and HOMA index, and with each other. LAP was also positively correlated with blood pressures.Conclusion:Visceral adiposity indicators may be useful as predictors of MetS in postmenopausal women.

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Metabolic syndrome and its components in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis on observational studies

Cited by 66 publications

References 36 publications

Serum Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Levels are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Post-Menopausal Korean Women

Serum Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Levels are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Post-Menopausal Korean Women

The Effect of Whole Blood Lead (Pb-B) Levels on Changes in Peripheral Blood Morphology and Selected Biochemical Parameters, and the Severity of Depression in Peri-Menopausal Women at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome or with Metabolic Syndrome

Visceral adiposity indicators as predictors of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women

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