Second primary cancers and survival in patients with gastric cancer: association with prediagnosis lifestyles

Abstract

To quantify the association between prediagnosis lifestyles with the risk of second primary cancers (SPCs) and survival of patients with gastric first primary cancer (FPC). We recruited 574 gastric patients from two major public hospitals in North Portugal (2001-2006). Smoking, alcohol and dietary habits in the year before FPC diagnosis were evaluated. Patients were followed up to 31 December 2011 for an SPC and to 31 May 2017 for vital status. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios for incidence of an SPC or death. During follow-up, SPCs were diagnosed in five women and 23 men, and 409 patients died, corresponding to an estimated 10-year cumulative incidence of 5.2% for SPC and an estimated 15-year cumulative mortality of 72.1%. A significantly higher hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for SPCs was observed in patients reporting a higher consumption of red and processed meat versus the lowest third (4.49: 1.31-15.37), and for mortality in those with heavy alcohol intake versus never drinkers (1.73: 1.00-2.99) and excess weight versus normal weight (1.31: 1.04-1.65); no other significant associations were observed according to prediagnosis lifestyle. Prediagnosis lifestyles may affect the occurrence of an SPC and survival among gastric FPC survivors in the long term.

The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on the Second Primary Malignancies in Colorectal Cancer Patients

“…The same reason limits availability of some other data which may be related to the risk of SPM, such as obesity, which increases the risk of malignancy ( 54) as well as information on alcohol use, smoking, diet, sports activity, and lifestyle (55,56). Although one may assume that patients with DM have mostly uniform diet, this and other information was not available for the majority of our patient´s cohort and has a significant impact on cancer development.…”

What are the late effects of older gastric cancer survivors? A scoping review

“…[33][34][35][36] After 2019, four studies (28.6%) investigated late effects related to gastrectomy (risk of dementia, 33 osteoporotic fractures, 34 nutrition status, 37 sarcopenia, 37 gastrointestinal symptoms, 37 QOL, 37 presence of Enterobacteriaceae 38 ) and four studies (28.6%) performed secondary cancer studies. 35,36,39,40 More than half studies (8 studies, J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f 57.1%) were conducted in Asian countries, including Korea 33,41-44 and Japan. 34,38,39 Prospective studies (8 studies, 57.1%) were mainly performed.…”

“…34,38,39 Prospective studies (8 studies, 57.1%) were mainly performed. Among the prospective studies, more than half studies (7 studies, 50.0%) 34,35,37,38,[43][44][45] were prospective observational studies, while one was interventional study (7.1%). 45 Retrospective studies were conducted using big data from hospitals or countries.…”

“…45 Retrospective studies were conducted using big data from hospitals or countries. Most studies focused on the risk of second primary cancer (4 studies, 23.5%), 35,36,39,40 followed by psychosocial symptoms such as QOL (2 studies, 11.8%), 37,43 and healthy behavior (2 studies, 11.8%). 37,43 Studies on specific physical symptoms such as anemia, 41 bone metabolism, 34 ,44,45 gastrointestinal symptoms, 43 intestinal bacterial, 38 vitamin B12 deficiency, 33 ,42 and nutritional status 37 in gastric cancer survivors were also performed.…”

“…Undergoing surgery, being diagnosed, and completing active treatment were described as the beginning of survivorship. The most commonly used definitions of gastric cancer survivors included (1) patient who lived for five years or more after gastrectomy (4 studies, 28.6%) 35,39,41,43 and (2) active treatment completion to cancer recurrence (4 studies, 28.6%). 33,37,40,44 The criteria for old age also varied, as shown in the mean age of the participants in Table 1.…”