Immune biomarkers and anti‐<scp>HIV</scp> activity in the reproductive tract of sexually active and sexually inactive adolescent girls

Ghosh, Mimi; Jais, Mariel; Biswas, Roshni; Jarin, Jason; Daniels, Jason; Joy, Christopher; Juzumaite, Monika; Emmanuel, Vanessa; Gómez-Lobo, Veronica

doi:10.1111/aji.12846

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with the fact that this cytokine is produced by keratinocytes and is a crucial mediator of the antigen recognition process by Langerhans cells that migrate then to draining lymph nodes. This result is in line with reports [21,22] whothat detected significantly higher levels of inflammatory mediators including IL-1Alpha in vaginal swabs collected from sexually active compared to sexually inactive girls.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Cytokine response following perturbation of the cervicovaginal milieu during HPV genital infection

et al. 2021

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supporting

confidence: 93%

Cytokine response following perturbation of the cervicovaginal milieu during HPV genital infection

et al. 2021

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“…This is consistent with the fact that this cytokine is produced by keratinocytes and is a crucial mediator of the antigen recognition process by Langerhans cells that migrate then to draining lymph nodes. This result is in line with reports 21,22 who detected significantly higher levels of inflammatory mediators including IL-1Alpha in vaginal swabs collected from sexually active compared to sexually inactive girls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Cytokine response following perturbation of the cervicovaginal milieu during HPV genital infection

Selinger

Rahmoun

Murall

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most oncogenic viruses known to human, causing nearly all cervical cancers worldwide. Highly prevalent in young, sexually active women, most HPV infections are cleared within 3 years, and only a minority of those infections persist and lead to cancer later in life. To better characterize the immuno-modulatory impact of early HPV infection and more generally perturbations of the cervicovaginal milieu, we measured changes in a panel of 20 cytokines, known as highly dynamic effector molecules implicated in cell signaling. We analyzed 92 cervicovaginal samples collected from young, sexually active women who were tested for or diagnosed with HPV, chlamydia, and bacterial vaginosis. Also, symptoms associated with genital inflammation and infection were collected through self-reporting. Following a parsimonious multi-factor modeling approach, our statistical analyses revealed that increased IL-1Alpha and IL-12/IL-23p40 concentrations were associated with HPV infection. Cytokine network analysis further highlighted the role of IL-1Alpha and macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIP-3Alpha) in HPV-associated immuno-modulation.

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“…Elafin, LL-37, SLPI, and HβD are all cationic antimicrobial polypeptides (AMPs), a group of molecules which are considered as the most important effector molecules of mucosal innate immunity against bacterial and viral pathogens [ 60 ]. Although the antimicrobial factors assessed in the present study are known to have anti-HIV-1 activity, and serve as biomarkers of FRT immune cell function [ 27 , 61 ], we did not find a change in expression of elafin, HβD, SLPI or LL-37 in cervical vaginal fluid post-vitamin D supplementation. Antimicrobial factors such as LL-37 are induced by toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, and are regulated by the active form of vitamin D due to a VDR response element [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Vitamin D Status Impacts Genital Mucosal Immunity and Markers of HIV-1 Susceptibility in Women

et al. 2020

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While vitamin D insufficiency is known to impact a multitude of health outcomes, including HIV-1, little is known about the role of vitamin D-mediated immune regulation in the female reproductive tract (FRT). We performed a pilot clinical study of 20 women with circulating 25(OH)D levels <62.5 nmol/L. Participants were randomized into either weekly or daily high-dose oral vitamin D supplementation groups. In addition to serum vitamin D levels, genital mucosal endpoints, including soluble mediators, immune cell populations, gene expression, and ex vivo HIV-1 infection, were assessed. While systemic vitamin D levels showed a significant increase following supplementation, these changes translated into modest effects on the cervicovaginal factors studied. Paradoxically, post-supplementation vitamin D levels were decreased in cervicovaginal fluids. Given the strong correlation between vitamin D status and HIV-1 infection and the widespread nature of vitamin D deficiency, further understanding of the role of vitamin D immunoregulation in the female reproductive tract is important.

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Immune biomarkers and anti‐HIV activity in the reproductive tract of sexually active and sexually inactive adolescent girls

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Cytokine response following perturbation of the cervicovaginal milieu during HPV genital infection

Cytokine response following perturbation of the cervicovaginal milieu during HPV genital infection

Cytokine response following perturbation of the cervicovaginal milieu during HPV genital infection

Vitamin D Status Impacts Genital Mucosal Immunity and Markers of HIV-1 Susceptibility in Women

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