The contribution of family history to the burden of diagnosed diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and prediabetes in the United States: analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2014

Moonesinghe, Ramal; Beckles, Gloria L.; Liu, Tiebin; Khoury, Muin J.

doi:10.1038/gim.2017.238

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…As missing data in the analysis dataset were around 10%, 10 imputations were performed to follow the recommendations. 27 All statistical analyses were performed with STATA/MP V. 16.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D status and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Norwegian HUNT cohort study: does family history or genetic predisposition modify the association?

Denos

Mai

Åsvold

et al. 2021

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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IntroductionWe sought to investigate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adults who participated in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), and the possible effect modification by family history and genetic predisposition.Research design and methodsThis prospective study included 3574 diabetes-free adults at baseline who participated in the HUNT2 (1995–1997) and HUNT3 (2006–2008) surveys. Serum 25(OH)D levels were determined at baseline and classified as <50 and ≥50 nmol/L. Family history of diabetes was defined as self-reported diabetes among parents and siblings. A Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) for T2DM based on 166 single-nucleotide polymorphisms was generated. Incident T2DM was defined by self-report and/or non-fasting glucose levels greater than 11 mmol/L and serum glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody level of <0.08 antibody index at the follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to calculate adjusted ORs with 95% CIs. Effect modification by family history or PRS was assessed by likelihood ratio test (LRT).ResultsOver 11 years of follow-up, 92 (2.6%) participants developed T2DM. A higher risk of incident T2DM was observed in participants with serum 25(OH)D level of<50 nmol/L compared with those of ≥50 nmol/L (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.86). Level of 25(OH)D<50 nmol/L was associated with an increased risk of T2DM in adults without family history of diabetes (OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.62 to 9.24) but not in those with a family history (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.32 to 1.62, p value for LRT=0.003). There was no effect modification by PRS (p value for LRT>0.23).ConclusionSerum 25(OH)D<50 nmol/L was associated with an increased risk of T2DM in Norwegian adults. The inverse association was modified by family history of diabetes but not by genetic predisposition to T2DM.

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“…As missing data in the analysis dataset were around 10%, 10 imputations were performed to follow the recommendations. 27 All statistical analyses were performed with STATA/MP V. 16.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D status and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Norwegian HUNT cohort study: does family history or genetic predisposition modify the association?

Denos

Mai

Åsvold

et al. 2021

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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“…Our POP-ABC study findings, obtained from a large cohort of AA and EA with parental history of T2D, are remarkably concordant with the previous report from a smaller sample of a less diverse population [ 3 ]. Both studies found that weight maintenance or modest loss was associated with sustained normoglycemia, whereas modest weight gain (~1 kg/y) was associated with increased risk of incident prediabetes among individuals at perhaps the highest known risks for T2D, namely, Pima Indians [ 30 ] and people with parental diabetes [ 31 ]. Along with the prior report [ 3 ] and data from diabetes prevention trials [ 11 , 28 , 29 ], our present findings strengthen the notion that relatively modest changes in body weight could have disproportionate effects on glycemic outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of Body Weight and Fat Mass in Relation to Incident Prediabetes in a Biracial Cohort of Free-Living Adults

Hommos

Ebenibo

Edeoga

et al. 2020

Journal of the Endocrine Society

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Objectives Obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), but prospective data relating adiposity measures to incident prediabetes are scant. Methods The Pathobiology of Prediabetes in A Biracial Cohort (POP-ABC) study followed normoglycemic African Americans (AA) and European Americans (EA) with parental history of T2D for the primary outcome of incident prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) during for 5.5 years. Serial assessments included anthropometry and body fat composition. We analyzed weight, BMI, waist, total and abdominal fat mass in relation to incident prediabetes risk. Results Of the 376 subjects enrolled (217 AA, 159 EA; mean age 44.2y, BMI 31.4 kg/m 2), 343 (192 AA, 151 EA) had evaluable follow-up data. A total of 101 (52 AA, 49 EA) developed prediabetes during follow-up. Progressors to prediabetes had a mean baseline weight of 90.0 + 20.4 kg versus 82.9 + 21.7 kg among non-progressors (P=0.0036). During 5.5 (mean 2.62) years of follow-up, the weight change among non-progressors was 0.63 + 6.11 kg compared to 2.54 + 6.91 kg among progressors (ANOVA P=0.0072). Progressors also showed greater increases in total fat (P=0.0015) and trunk fat (P=0.0005) mass than nonprogressors. Adjusted for age and gender, the significant predictors of incident prediabetes were BMI (P=0.0013), waist (P <0.0001), total fat (P=0.0025) and trunk fat (P<0.0001) mass. Conclusions Among obese free-living offspring of parents with T2D, long-term normoglycemic status was associated with a weight gain of ~0.2 kg/year, whereas progression to prediabetes was associated with a weight gain of ~1 kg/year.

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“…73 FHH of diabetes is estimated to be the main cause of more than 15 million diabetic and pre-diabetic cases in the USA, but more than 1·4 million of these remain undiagnosed. 74 Similarly, Lynch syndrome affects an estimated 1 in 370 Americans, but less than 1·2% of these have been diagnosed. 75 In the current system, risk assessment is non-systematic and health care is provider-driven and dependent on the patient presenting to the health system, leading to low identification rates, non-guideline concordant care, and racial and socioeconomic disparities in identification and referral rates.…”

Section: Fhh and Population Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family health history: underused for actionable risk assessment

Ginsburg

Orlando

2019

The Lancet

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Family health history (FHH) is the most useful means of assessing risk for common chronic diseases. The odds ratio for risk of developing disease with a positive FHH is frequently greater than 2, and actions can be taken to mitigate risk by adhering to screening guidelines, genetic counselling, genetic risk testing, and other screening methods. Challenges to the routine acquisition of FHH include constraints on provider time to collect data and the difficulty in accessing risk calculators. Disease-specific and broader risk assessment software platforms have been developed, many with clinical decision support and informatics interoperability, but few access patient information directly. Software that allows integration of FHH with the electronic medical record and clinical decision support capabilities has provided solutions to many of these challenges. Patient facing, electronic medical record, and web-enabled FHH platforms have been developed, and can provide greater identification of risk compared with conventional FHH ascertainment in primary care. FHH, along with cascade screening, can be an important component of population health management approaches to overall reduction of risk.

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The contribution of family history to the burden of diagnosed diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and prediabetes in the United States: analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2014

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Vitamin D status and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Norwegian HUNT cohort study: does family history or genetic predisposition modify the association?

Vitamin D status and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Norwegian HUNT cohort study: does family history or genetic predisposition modify the association?

Trajectories of Body Weight and Fat Mass in Relation to Incident Prediabetes in a Biracial Cohort of Free-Living Adults

Family health history: underused for actionable risk assessment

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