Vitamin D status and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Norwegian HUNT cohort study: does family history or genetic predisposition modify the association?

Denos, Marion; Mai, Xiao-Mei; Åsvold, Bjørn Olav; Sørgjerd, Elin Pettersen; Chen, Yue; Sun, Yi‐Qian

doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001948

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Only one previous study of a cohort in Norway performed a stratified analysis by genetic risk of T2DM to evaluate the association between 25(OH)D and T2DM risk. [42] In line with our results, they found no evidence for 25(OH)D modifying the predisposition to T2DM, and the level of 25(OH)D did not significantly contribute to T2DM in high or low genetic risk groups. In the current study, limited by the small sample size in each joint category, the different effects of 25(OH)D on T2DM in different genetic groups may be due to random error.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort in East China

Sun,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background: The serum vitamin D level varies widely by population, and studies have linked vitamin D levels with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the relationship is inconsistent and the impact of vitamin D on T2DM among East Chinese adults is unclear. The study aimed to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and the risk of T2DM and evaluated whether the association is modified by genetic predisposition. Methods: In the Survey on Prevalence in East China for Metabolic Diseases and Risk Factors (SPECT-China) cohort, 1862 participants free of T2DM at baseline were included. A weighted genetic risk score was calculated with 28 variants associated with T2DM. Hierarchical logistic models were used to examine the association of serum 25(OH)D and genetic risk with T2DM. Results: After a 5-year follow-up, 132 cases of T2DM were documented. We observed no significant association between quartiles of serum 25(OH)D and T2DM risk after multivariable adjustment (χ2 = 0.571, P for trend = 0.426). Compared to those in the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D, the odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for participants with increased quartiles were 1.29 (0.74–2.25), 1.35 (0.77–2.36), and 1.27 (0.72–2.24), respectively. We observed a positive association of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with 25(OH)D at baseline (β = 1.752, P = 0.001) and after follow-up (β = 1.385, P = 0.003), and a negative association of ln conversion homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-β with 25(OH)D at baseline (β = -0.982, P = 0.021). There was no significant interaction between 25(OH)D and diabetes genetic predisposition on the risk of T2DM (χ2 = 2.710, P for interaction = 0.100). The lowest OR (95% CI) of T2DM was among participants with low genetic risk and the highest quartile of 25(OH)D (0.17 [0.05–0.62]). Conclusion: Serum 25(OH)D may be irrelevant to the risk of incident T2DM among East Chinese adults regardless of genetic predisposition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort in East China

Sun,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Chinese Medical Journal

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“…Accumulating evidence from observational studies suggests the association between vitamin D and cardiometabolic outcomes may depend on the prevalence of low vitamin D status in the population studied [6,7]. Although most randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest no benefit of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes, these trials were conducted in participants that are in majority replete with vitamin D [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults in rural and urban settings

et al. 2022

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Background An inverse association between vitamin D status and cardiometabolic risk has been reported but this relationship may have been affected by residual confounding from adiposity and physical activity due to imprecise measures of these variables. We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and cardiometabolic risk factors, with adjustment for objectively-measured physical activity and adiposity. Methods This was a population-based cross-sectional study in 586 adults in Cameroon (63.5% women). We assessed markers of glucose homoeostasis (fasting blood glucose (BG), 2 h post glucose load BG, HOMA-IR)) and computed a metabolic syndrome score by summing the sex‐specific z‐scores of five risk components measuring central adiposity, blood pressure, glucose, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Results Mean±SD age was 38.3 ± 8.6 years, and serum 25(OH)D was 51.7 ± 12.5 nmol/L. Mean 25(OH)D was higher in rural (53.4 ± 12.8 nmol/L) than urban residents (50.2 ± 12.1 nmol/L), p = 0.002. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (<50 nmol/L) was 45.7%. There was an inverse association between 25(OH)D and the metabolic syndrome score in unadjusted analyses (β = −0.30, 95% CI −0.55 to −0.05), which became non-significant after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake and education level. Serum 25(OH)D was inversely associated with fasting BG (−0.21, −0.34 to −0.08)), which remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol intake, the season of data collection, BMI and physical activity (−0.17, −0.29 to −0.06). There was an inverse association of 25(OH)D with 2-h BG (−0.20, −0.34 to −0.05) and HOMA-IR (−0.12, −0.19 to −0.04) in unadjusted analysis, but these associations became non-significant after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusion Vitamin D insufficiency was common in this population. This study showed an inverse association between vitamin D status and fasting glucose that was independent of potential confounders, including objectively measured physical activity and adiposity, suggesting a possible mechanism through insulin secretion.

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“…This correlation was stronger in participants with T2DM, whose baseline 25(OH)D accounted for 8% of divergence in one-year post-surgery HbA1c levels, compared with 3% among the total cohort population. Correlations between baseline 25(OH)D and HbA1c, HOMA-IR and anti-diabetic medication intake have been shown previously; however, these studies did not investigate the impact of WLS [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 39 ]. These data suggest an important role for 25(OH)D in the regulation of T2DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Vitamin D may also regulate intracellular Ca 2+ concentration and participates in insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells [ 30 ]. As such, subjects with increasing weight gain and aligned 25(OH)D deficiency have an increased risk of developing T2DM [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Currently, 25(OH)D deficiency is observed in 94% of people with obesity who are candidates for WLS [ 34 ] and it is very common post-WLS as a result of multiple factors including the type of the surgery, vitamin D intake, sunlight exposure, and season [ 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Levels as an Important Predictor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Weight Regain Post-Sleeve Gastrectomy

et al. 2022

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Weight Loss Surgery (WLS), including sleeve-gastrectomy (SG), results in significant weight loss and improved metabolic health in severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2). Previous studies suggest post-operative health benefits are impacted by nutrient deficiencies, such as Vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency, while it is currently unknown whether nutrient levels may actually predict post-surgery outcomes. As such, this study investigated whether 25(OH)D levels could predict metabolic improvements in patients who underwent SG. Patients with severe obesity (n = 309; 75% female) undergoing SG participated in this ethics-approved, non-randomized retrospective cohort study. Anthropometry, clinical data, 25(OH)D levels and serum markers were collected at baseline, 6-, 12- and 18-months post-surgery. SG surgery resulted in significant improvements in metabolic health at 6- and 12-months post-surgery compared with baseline, as expected. Patients with higher baseline 25(OH)D had significantly lower HbA1c levels post-surgery (p < 0.01) and better post-surgical T2DM outcomes, including reduced weight regain (p < 0.05). Further analysis revealed that baseline 25(OH)D could predict HbA1c levels, weight regain and T2DM remission one-year post-surgery, accounting for 7.5% of HbA1c divergence (p < 0.01). These data highlight that higher circulating 25(OH)D levels are associated with significant metabolic health improvements post-surgery, notably, that such baseline levels are able to predict those who attain T2DM remission. This highlights the importance of 25(OH)D as a predictive biomarker of post-surgery benefits.

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Vitamin D status and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Norwegian HUNT cohort study: does family history or genetic predisposition modify the association?

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort in East China

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort in East China

Association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults in rural and urban settings

Vitamin D Levels as an Important Predictor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Weight Regain Post-Sleeve Gastrectomy

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