The Family Affluence Scale as an Indicator for Socioeconomic Status: Validation on Regional Income Differences in the Czech Republic

Hobza, Vladimír; Hamřík, Zdeněk; Bucksch, Jens; Clercq, Bart De

doi:10.3390/ijerph14121540

Cited by 91 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Czechia has undergone rapid economic development and is one of the most economically developed countries in Central and Eastern Europe [26,45]. This rapid economic development was reflected in the growth of families with high SES after 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High validity (kappa coefficient 0.41-0.74; 76.2-88.1 agreement) and moderate reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.58) between children's and parents' responses on the FA scale-related items have been documented repeatedly [40][41][42][43][44]. Under the social and economic conditions of Czechia, the FA scale was validated with respect to the gross domestic product (Pearson correlation r = 0.773 p < .001) [45].…”

Section: Socioeconomic Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time-trends and correlates of obesity in Czech adolescents in relation to family socioeconomic status over a 16-year study period (2002–2018)

et al. 2020

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Background: The main objective of the study is to analyse the changes in the prevalence of obesity among Czech adolescents between 2002 and 2018 with regard to the socioeconomic status (SES) of adolescents' families and to find SES-separated correlates of adolescents' obesity in 2018. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 29,879 adolescents (49.6% of them boys) aged 10.5-16.5 years was drawn from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children cross-sectional, self-reported questionnaire surveys conducted in 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, and 2018 in Czechia. Chi-square (χ 2) tests were performed to assess the changes in the prevalence of obesity in both genders and all SES categories of adolescents between 2002 and 2018, and SES category-related differences in the prevalence of obesity in 2018 separately for boys and girls. A series of multiple stepwise logistic regression (backward elimination) analyses were used to reveal obesity correlates separately for SES categories of adolescents. Results: Across the quadrennial surveys from 2002 to 2018, we observed a clear increase in the prevalence of obesity in all SES categories of adolescents, which was most striking (p < 0.05) in adolescents with low SES (boys: + 7.5% points (p.p.); girls + 2.4 p.p.). When all the survey cycles were compared, the highest prevalence of obesity was evident in the low-SES adolescents in 2018, both in girls (5.1%) and boys (12.0%). Regardless of the adolescent SES category, the lower odds of obesity were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with regular vigorous physical activity (PA), participation in organized sport, and daily consumption of sweets. In addition, at least 60 min of moderate-tovigorous PA significantly reduced the odds of obesity in adolescents of low and high SES categories. Conclusions: An unreasonable increase in the prevalence of obesity in adolescents with low SES highlights the need to prevent obesity in adolescents with a low-SES background. Additionally, significantly higher odds of obesity in 11-and 13-year-old adolescents from low-SES families, compared with their peers aged 15, indicated an expectable rise in obesity in older low-SES adolescents in the near future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Socioeconomic Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-trends and correlates of obesity in Czech adolescents in relation to family socioeconomic status over a 16-year study period (2002–2018)

et al. 2020

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“…However, some sources also use social exclusion referring to a lack of access to services, discrimination and poor health. More recent examples have also introduced living environments as well, however care should be taken that metrics used as [6] Analysis of social inequalities in health "SES is defined by employment, education and material wealth. People with a lower SES more commonly suffer from health problems such as heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, and overall mortality" determinants of SES are not in fact effects of SES.…”

Section: Definitions Of Socioeconomic Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Assessment of Links Between Exposure to Noise and Air Pollution and Socioeconomic Status

Barnes

Vito

Hayes

et al. 2018

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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The health impacts of exposure to noise and air pollution are well-documented, however socioeconomic status (SES) can be a determinant in exposure, while at the same time influencing both individual susceptibility and resilience. The scope of the work presented here was undertaken under a specific contract to the European Environment Agency (EEA) to provide an assessment that may be directly incorporated into EEA's 2018 report exploring the linkages between SES in Europe and exposure to air and noise pollution, as well as to climate-related impacts. More specifically, this research builds on the findings of the 2016 Science for Environment Policy (SEP) report (http://ec.europa.eu/scienceenvironment-policy) and provides an updated qualitative review of the latest evidence and state of knowledge regarding the role of SES in determining exposure, susceptibility and vulnerability to air pollution and noise, documenting research that explores the multiple factors and drivers that can lie behind these linkages. This review has identified and synthesised evidence from a wide range of sources in response to the objectives set by the EEA and covers evidence relating to at least 18 of the EEA-33 countries. The review has identified that there is extensive evidence on the health effects of exposure to noise and air pollution and an increasing body of evidence to suggest that effects may be disproportionately experienced, and even exacerbated by, those in lower SES groups; however, the review also highlights key knowledge gaps, and areas for future research are presented.

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“…On the individual level we controlled for potential socio-economic and socio-demographic confounders: gender, relative age (individual age centered around the mean age in class) and familial socio-economic status. Familial socio-economic status was measured using the Family Affluence Scale (FAS III) [34]. Furthermore we controlled for proxies of acculturation: being a first generation immigrant (i.e., being born outside of Luxembourg), Portuguese language use at home (yes/no), Luxembourgish language use at home (yes/no), and risk factors of substance use: disliking school (1 = like a lot to 4 = do not like at all) and how often they spend time with their friends after 8 p.m. (1 = hardly ever or never to 4 = daily) [35].…”

Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

School-Class Co-Ethnic and Immigrant Density and Current Smoking among Immigrant Adolescents

Kern

Heinz

Willems

2020

IJERPH

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Although the school-class is known to be an important setting for adolescent risk behavior, little is known about how the ethnic composition of a school-class impacts substance use among pupils with a migration background. Moreover, the few existing studies do not distinguish between co-ethnic density (i.e., the share of immigrants belonging to one’s own ethnic group) and immigrant density (the share of all immigrants). This is all the more surprising since a high co-ethnic density can be expected to protect against substance use by increasing levels of social support and decreasing acculturative stress, whereas a high immigrant density can be expected to do the opposite by facilitating inter-ethnic conflict and identity threat. This study analyses how co-ethnic density and immigrant density are correlated with smoking among pupils of Portuguese origin in Luxembourg. A multi-level analysis is used to analyze data from the Luxembourg Health Behavior in School-Aged Children study (N = 4268 pupils from 283 classes). High levels of co-ethnic density reduced current smoking. In contrast, high levels of immigrant density increased it. Thus, in research on the health of migrants, the distinction between co-ethnic density and immigrant density should be taken into account, as both may have opposite effects.

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The Family Affluence Scale as an Indicator for Socioeconomic Status: Validation on Regional Income Differences in the Czech Republic

Cited by 91 publications

References 19 publications

Time-trends and correlates of obesity in Czech adolescents in relation to family socioeconomic status over a 16-year study period (2002–2018)

Time-trends and correlates of obesity in Czech adolescents in relation to family socioeconomic status over a 16-year study period (2002–2018)

Qualitative Assessment of Links Between Exposure to Noise and Air Pollution and Socioeconomic Status

School-Class Co-Ethnic and Immigrant Density and Current Smoking among Immigrant Adolescents

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