Environmental and biological monitoring of exposures to VOCs in a petrochemical complex in Iran

Hajizadeh, Yaghoub; Teiri, Hakimeh; Nazmara, Shahrokh; Parseh, Iman

doi:10.1007/s11356-017-1045-4

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…At the manufacturing process, styrene is combined with other chemicals at high temperature, which induces the release of styrene vapors into the environment. Several studies have shown that exposure to these fumes can have negative health effects [ 10 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative and Semiquantitative Health Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Styrene in a Petrochemical Industry

Moshiran

Karimi²,

Golbabaei³

et al. 2021

Safety and Health at Work

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Background Styrene is one of the aromatic compounds used in acetonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) producing petrochemicals, which has an impact on health of workers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the health risks of styrene emitted from the petrochemical industry in Iran. Methods Air samples were collected based on NIOSH 1501 method. The samples were analyzed by the Varian-cp3800 gas chromatograph. Finally, risk levels of styrene's health effects on employees were assessed by the quantitative method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the semiquantitative way by the Singapore Occupational Safety and Health Association. Results Based on the results, the employees had the highest average exposure to styrene vapors (4.06 ) in the polybutadiene latex (PBL) unit. Therefore, the most top predictors of cancer and non-cancer risk were 2.3 and 7.26 , respectively. Given that the lowest average exposure (1.5 ) was in the dryer unit, the prediction showed a moderate risk of cancer (0.8 ) and non-cancer (2.3 ) for the employees. The EPA method also predicted that there would be a definite cancer risk in 16% and a probable risk in 76% of exposures. However, according to the semiquantitative approach, the rate of risk was at the “low” level for all staff. The results showed that there was a significant difference ( p < 0.05) between the units in exposure and health risk of styrene ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Given the high risk of styrene's health effects, appropriate control measures are required to reduce the exposure level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative and Semiquantitative Health Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Styrene in a Petrochemical Industry

Moshiran

Karimi²,

Golbabaei³

et al. 2021

Safety and Health at Work

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“…Volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) are also the major pollutants coming from a petrochemical plant and are carcinogenic in nature. A study conducted by Hajizadeh et al (2018) in a petrochemical plant in Iran found that when workers are exposed to VOCs such as phenol, ethylbenzene, benzene, styrene, and phenol in ambient air, they are likely to suffer from cancer. A similar study was conducted Wang et al (2015) in China on PAH exposure of workers employed in a petrochemical plant.…”

Section: Ramifications Of Petrochemical Industry Wastewaters On Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for the Treatment of Petrochemical Industry Wastewater

Verma

Kumar

Srivastava

et al. 2021

Advanced Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation of Water

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Petrochemicals are derived directly or indirectly from petroleum. During the production of petrochemicals, various refractory and toxic pollutants are generated, which are harmful to the aquatic system. These pollutants are genotoxic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic. Although these pollutants are harmful, only a limited number of studies have been performed on their removal or degradation. Conventional wastewater treatment techniques are not efficient in removing these pollutants from wastewater. Therefore, the scientific community is now putting up efforts to make the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) more efficient. The main aim is to produce very reactive species (especially hydroxyl radicals, HO˙) in water by the AOPs. This leads to the degradation or transformation of the contaminants or pollutants, resulting in complete mineralization. The most studied AOPs for the degradation of petrochemical wastewater pollutants are photocatalytic oxidation (PCO), ozonation, catalytic oxidation, catalytic ozonation, and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. This chapter specifically discusses the various AOPs used to remove specific pollutants and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from petrochemical wastewater treatment to meet discharge standards.

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“…The special effects of these compounds include their role in reducing stratospheric ozone, global warming, and toxic and carcinogenic effects on human health [ 16 , 17 ]. So far, many studies have been performed to measure VOCs in the air or their urinary metabolites [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palladium-Doped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as a New Adsorbent for Detecting and Trapping Volatile Organic Compounds: A First Principle Study

2022

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are in the vapor state in the atmosphere and are considered pollutants. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the wb97xd exchange correlation functional and the 6-311+G(d,p) basis set are carried out to explore the potential possibility of palladium-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes (Pd/SWCNT-V), serving as the resource for detecting and/or adsorbing acetonitrile (ACN), styrene (STY), and perchloroethylene (PCE) molecules as VOCs. The suggested adsorbent in this study is discussed with structural parameters, frontier molecular orbital theory, molecular electrical potential surfaces (MEPSs), natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses, and the density of states. Furthermore, following the Bader theory of atoms in molecules (AIM), the topological properties of the electron density contributions for intermolecular interactions are analyzed. The obtained results show efficient VOC loading via a strong chemisorption process with a mean adsorption energy of −0.94, −1.27, and −0.54 eV for ACN, STY, and PCE, respectively. Our results show that the Pd/SWCNT-V can be considered a good candidate for VOC removal from the environment.

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Environmental and biological monitoring of exposures to VOCs in a petrochemical complex in Iran

Cited by 32 publications

References 20 publications

Quantitative and Semiquantitative Health Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Styrene in a Petrochemical Industry

Quantitative and Semiquantitative Health Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Styrene in a Petrochemical Industry

Application of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for the Treatment of Petrochemical Industry Wastewater

Palladium-Doped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as a New Adsorbent for Detecting and Trapping Volatile Organic Compounds: A First Principle Study

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