Hybrid combinations containing natural products and antimicrobial drugs that interfere with bacterial and fungal biofilms

Zacchino, Susana; Butassi, Estefanía; Cordisco, Estefanía; Svetaz, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2017.10.021

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Aside from commercial antibiotics, especially from the echinocandin class, anti-biofilm effects are shown by natural phythochemicals. Such properties are exhibited by eugenol, thymol, menthol, baicalin, berberine, farnesol, and cinnamaldehyde [21]. This study has confirmed that silymarin is another natural plant product with such desirable activity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Silymarin, a Popular Dietary Supplement Shows Anti–Candida Activity

Janeczko

Kochanowicz

2019

Antibiotics

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Silymarin is a complex of plant-derived compounds obtained from the seed shells of the milk thistle (Silybum marianum). It is used in medicine primarily to protect the liver. The mixture contains mainly flavonolignans, with silybin as a paramount bioactive component of the extract. This article presents the potential health benefits for silymarin as an antifungal drug against five references strains: C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei with MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values ranging from 30 to 300 µg/mL. Additionally, this study revealed that the compound suppressed the growth of cells of most of the tested clinical Candida albicans strains with MIC values between 30 and 1200 µg/mL. Based on the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI), the combination of silymarin with antifungal drugs caspofungin, fluconazole, and amphotericin B did not significantly change the MIC values for the tested Candida strains. Furthermore, no antagonistic reactions were observed in any combination of drugs. In addition, this substance shows anti-virulence properties including the destabilization of mature biofilm and the inhibition of the secretion of hydrolases. qRT-PCR-based experiments demonstrated that the SAP4 gene involved in virulence was downregulated by silymarin. These results indicate completely new advantages of dietary supplementation with this natural plant extract.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Silymarin, a Popular Dietary Supplement Shows Anti–Candida Activity

Janeczko

Kochanowicz

2019

Antibiotics

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“…Carvacrol (5-isopropyl-2methylphenol) is a volatile phenolic monoterpene with antimicrobial properties [39,40]. Terpenes have a great potential to traverse cell walls of bacteria and yeasts due to their large lipophilicity [41,42]. Their antimicrobial action is due to the hydroxyl group and a delocalized electron system which cause destabilization of the membrane integrity of different microorganisms [1,[43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the hydrolate of Coridothymus capitatus (L.) Reichenb. fil. (Lamiaceae) alone and in combination with antimicrobial agents

Marino

Nostro

Mandras

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Hydrolates, complex mixtures containing traces of essential oils (EOs), are inexpensive, easy to make and less toxic than their corresponding EOs. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the hydrolate of Coridothymus capitatus (L.) Reichenb. fil. (Lamiaceae) alone and in combination with antimicrobial drugs, such as tetracycline and itraconazole, were evaluated. Methods: The chemical composition was analysed by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Standard methods were performed to evaluate the susceptibility of some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida spp. to the hydrolate, in comparison with its EO. The hydrolate mechanism of action was assayed by propidium iodide and MitoTracker staining. Checkerboard tests were carried out for combinations studies. Results: GC-MS identified 0.14% (v/v) of total EO content into hydrolate and carvacrol as a dominant component. The hydrolate showed a good antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeasts. It exhibited a synergistic effect with itraconazole against Candida krusei, and an additive effect with tetracycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Hydrolate changed the membranes permeability of bacteria and yeasts and altered mitochondrial function of yeasts. Conclusions: Our study extends the knowledge by exploiting non-conventional antimicrobial agents to fight the emergence of antibiotic resistance.

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“…Furthermore, medicinal plants and their biologically active compounds are useful to fight cancer by strengthening the immune system, decreasing side effects of synthetic anticancer drugs, overcoming resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, exerting synergistic drug interactions in combination with other drugs, etc. ( Mantle and Wilkins, 2005 ; Bachrach, 2012 ; Singh et al, 2016 ; Efferth, 2017 ; Nankar and Doble, 2017 ; Nankar et al, 2017 ; Wagner and Efferth, 2017 ; Zacchino et al, 2017a , b ). Biologically active compounds from medicinal plants frequently target tumor cells by several mechanisms, resulting in the inhibition of carcinogenesis,, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and induction of cell cycle arrest, extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis, autophagy, or differentiation ( Efferth and Koch, 2011 ; Chen et al, 2013 ; Millimouno et al, 2014 ; Singh et al, 2016 ; Aung et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Actions Of Medicinal Plants From Near East Towmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Plants from Near East for Cancer Therapy

Abu-Darwish

Efferth

2018

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Cancer is one of the major problems affecting public health worldwide. As other cultures, the populations of the Near East rely on medicinal herbs and their preparations to fight cancer.Methods: We compiled data derived from historical ethnopharmacological information as well as in vitro and in vivo results and clinical findings extracted from different literature databases including (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) during the past two decades.Results: In this survey, we analyzed the huge amount of data available on anticancer ethnopharmacological sources used in the Near East. Medicinal herbs are the most dominant ethnopharmacological formula used among cancer’s patients in the Near East. The data obtained highlight for the first time the most commonly used medicinal plants in the Near East area for cancer treatment illustrating their importance as natural anticancer agents. The literature survey reveals that various Arum species, various Artemisia species, Calotropis procera, Citrullus colocynthis, Nigella sativa, Pulicaria crispa, various Urtica species, Withania somnifera, and others belong to the most frequently used plants among cancer patients in the Near East countries. Molecular modes of action that have been investigated for plant extracts and isolated compounds from Near East include cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction with participation of major player in these processes such as p53 and p21, Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c release, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, activation of caspases, etc.Conclusion: The ethnopharmacology of the Near East was influenced by Arabic and Islamic medicine and might be promising for developing new natural and safe anticancer agents. Further research is required to elucidate their cellular and molecular mechanisms and to estimate their clinical activity.

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Hybrid combinations containing natural products and antimicrobial drugs that interfere with bacterial and fungal biofilms

Cited by 50 publications

References 69 publications

Silymarin, a Popular Dietary Supplement Shows Anti–Candida Activity

Silymarin, a Popular Dietary Supplement Shows Anti–Candida Activity

Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the hydrolate of Coridothymus capitatus (L.) Reichenb. fil. (Lamiaceae) alone and in combination with antimicrobial agents

Medicinal Plants from Near East for Cancer Therapy

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