The Complexities of Nocardia Taxonomy and Identification

Conville, Patricia S.; Brown‐Elliott, Barbara A.; Smith, Terry J.; Zelazny, Adrian M.

doi:10.1128/jcm.01419-17

Cited by 166 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Nocardia was not successfully isolated in the bacterial culture under the microbiological procedures employed in this case. Some species of pathogen grow more slowly than conventional bacteria and require more time for isolation, that is, up to 4 weeks (Conville et al, ). In this case, the culture media were kept for only 72 hr, which could justify no growth of Nocardia and may be considered a limitation of the current report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N. asteroides, N. brasiliensis and N. otitidiscaviarum have been identified in human patients with pulmonary and disseminated infections, and uncharacterized species have also been isolated from those patients (Wang et al, 2015). Likewise, in addition to N. asteroides and N. brasiliensis, N. otitidiscaviarum has also been reported in domestic animals (Beaman & Beaman, 1994;Conville et al, 2018;Sykes, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pyogranulomatous pleuropneumonia caused by Nocardia asiatica in a dog coinfected with canine morbillivirus (canine distemper virus)

Ribeiro

Burema²,

Borges³

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Nocardia asiatica causing pyogranulomatous pleuropneumonia is reported for the first time in a dog coinfected with canine morbillivirus (CM), diagnosed based on epidemiological, clinical, haematological, images, microbiological, histopathological, polymerase chain reaction and hsp65 gene sequencing findings. The immunosuppression of CM probably favoured the opportunistic behaviour of N. asiatica. Despite the therapeutic measures, the animal died, mainly due to respiratory distress. The association of methods to improve early diagnosis, therapy procedures and prognosis of canine nocardiosis is discussed, as well as the close relationship between pets and their owners, which may favour the transmission of pathogens such as Nocardia from pets‐to‐humans, which poses an emerging public health issue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyogranulomatous pleuropneumonia caused by Nocardia asiatica in a dog coinfected with canine morbillivirus (canine distemper virus)

Ribeiro

Burema²,

Borges³

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…The veterinarian Edmond Nocard, who isolated a Gram-positive organism thought to be the causative agent in a case of bovine farcy, reported the first documented case of Nocardia in an animal in 1888 on the island of Guadeloupe in the West Indies. This strain was given the name Nocardia farcinica in 1889 by Trevisan, who defined the genus that included Nocard's N. farcinica isolate and five other similar species [7]. The first human case of nocardiosis (caused by Nocardia asteroides) was reported by Eppinger in 1890 [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Pyogranulomas Associated with Nocardia jiangxiensis in a Cat from the Eastern Caribbean

et al. 2019

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Nocardia spp. are worldwide, ubiquitous zoonotic bacteria that have the ability to infect humans as well as domestic animals. Herein, we present a case of a five-year-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat (from the island of Nevis) with a history of a traumatic skin wound on the ventral abdomen approximately two years prior to presenting to the Ross University Veterinary Clinic. The cat presented with severe dermatitis and cellulitis on the ventral caudal abdomen, with multiple draining tracts and sinuses exuding purulent material. Initial bacterial culture yielded Corynebacterum spp. The patient was treated symptomatically with antibiotics for 8 weeks. The cat re-presented 8 weeks after the initial visit with worsening of the abdominal lesions. Surgical intervention occurred at that time, and histopathology and tissue cultures confirmed the presence of Nocardia spp.-induced pyogranulomatous panniculitis, dermatitis, and cellulitis. Pre-operatively, the patient was found to be feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-positive. The patient was administered trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMS) after antimicrobial sensitivity testing. PCR amplification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed Nocardia jiangxiensis as the causative agent. To our knowledge, N. jiangxiensis has not been previously associated with disease. This case report aims to highlight the importance of a much-needed One Health approach using advancements in technology to better understand the zoonotic potential of Nocardia spp. worldwide.

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“…The increasing uses of molecular methods in the past two decades, such as nucleic acid hybridization techniques, restriction fragment length polymorphism, and gene sequencing analysis have remarkably enhanced the discrimination of various Nocardia species in both research and clinical settings (4, 8–15). These technical advances have led to new description and/or taxonomic revision of many Nocardia species (2, 3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation of 146 Clinical Strains ofNocardiaspecies

Han¹,

Holmes

Golshan

2018

Preprint

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17Nocardia species generally grow well on culture media in contrast to limited metabolic 18activities. Yet there are rare studies that have examined systematically the effect of culture media 19 on the clinical recovery of these Gram-positive branching bacilli, particularly in relation to many 20 recently described or revised Nocardia species. We analyzed 146 clinical Nocardia strains, of 24 21 species, recovered at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center from 2002-2018 for 22 their growth on culture media. Among media setups to culture routine bacteria, fungi, and acid-23 fast bacilli (AFB), the AFB media alone recovered 35 strains as did fungal media with 26 strains 24 and routine media with 10 strains. Seventy five strains were recovered on two and three media 25 setups. On AFB media most Nocardia nova strains (24 of 29) grew, significantly more than all 26 other strains did. Likewise, all four strains of Nocardia mikamii were cultivated solely on AFB 27 media. Fungal media yielded all six strains of Nocardia wallacei that were resistant to 28 tobramycin and/or amikacin; this growth could be explained by the presence of gentamycin in 29 one fungal medium. Specimen source also affected the recovery: more Nocardia strains grew on 30 every media setup from normally sterile specimens than from nonsterile specimens. These results 31 suggest that diverse culture media support the growth of many Nocardia species. The better 32 recoveries of these organisms from AFB media and fungal media are likely attributable to 33 decontamination of specimens on AFB culture, incorporation of selective antimicrobial agents 34 into the media, and prolonged incubation. 35 36 was performed at a reference laboratory according to the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory 234 Standards Institute (17). Those strains with all culture setups, i.e., C RT, C Fung, and C AFB 235 were subjected to analyses. Correlations with specimen types, species identification, and 236 susceptibility to antimicrobial agents were also performed. When appropriate, statistical analyses 237 were performed by using Fisher's exact method or χ 2 test method. 238 239 Clin Microbiol. 41:4497-4501. 264 8. Chun J, Goodfellow M. 1995. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus Nocardia with 16S 265 rRNA gene sequences. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 45:240-245. 266 9. Wellinghausen N, Pietzcker T, Kern WV, Essig A, Marre R. 2002. Expanded 267 spectrum of Nocardia species causing clinical nocardiosis detected by molecular 14. Xiao M, Kong F, Sorrell TC, Cao Y, Lee OC, Liu Y, Sintchenko V, Chen SC. 2010. 282 Identification of pathogenic Nocardia species by reverse line blot hybridization targeting 283 the 16S rRNA and 16S-23S rRNA gene spacer regions. J Clin Microbiol. 48:503-11. 284 15. Conville PS, Murray PR, Zelazny AM. 2010. Evaluation of the integrated database 285 network system (IDNS) SmartGene software for analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences 286 for identification of Nocardia species. J Clin Microbiol. 48:2995-2998. 287 22. Nishiuchi Y, Baba T, Hotta HH, Yano I. 199...

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The Complexities of Nocardia Taxonomy and Identification

Cited by 166 publications

References 25 publications

Pyogranulomatous pleuropneumonia caused by Nocardia asiatica in a dog coinfected with canine morbillivirus (canine distemper virus)

Pyogranulomatous pleuropneumonia caused by Nocardia asiatica in a dog coinfected with canine morbillivirus (canine distemper virus)

Cutaneous Pyogranulomas Associated with Nocardia jiangxiensis in a Cat from the Eastern Caribbean

Cultivation of 146 Clinical Strains ofNocardiaspecies

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