The Effect of Aging on Response Congruency in Task Switching: A Meta-Analysis

Grange, James A.; Becker, Raymond

doi:10.1093/geronb/gbx122

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…However, even after extensive practice, residual activation of the uncued task remained unaffected by practice or age. This explains why the model predicts that response congruency effects are not impacted by practice or age, consistent with previous empirical findings (33), as the benefit for congruent trials is directly related to the additional boost of activation from the uncued dimension.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

A large-scale analysis of task switching practice effects across the lifespan

Steyvers

Hawkins

Karayanidis

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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An important feature of human cognition is the ability to flexibly and efficiently adapt behavior in response to continuously changing contextual demands. We leverage a large-scale dataset from Lumosity, an online cognitive-training platform, to investigate how cognitive processes involved in cued switching between tasks are affected by level of task practice across the adult lifespan. We develop a computational account of task switching that specifies the temporal dynamics of activating task-relevant representations and inhibiting task-irrelevant representations and how they vary with extended task practice across a number of age groups. Practice modulates the level of activation of the task-relevant representation and improves the rate at which this information becomes available, but has little effect on the task-irrelevant representation. While long-term practice improves performance across all age groups, it has a greater effect on older adults. Indeed, extensive task practice can make older individuals functionally similar to less-practiced younger individuals, especially for cognitive measures that focus on the rate at which task-relevant information becomes available.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%