One-dimensional single-photon position-sensitive silicon photomultiplier and its application in Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

We present a one-dimensional (1-D) single-photon position-sensitive silicon photomultiplier (PS-SiPM) that can perform both photon number and position discriminations. The device, which features epitaxial quenching resistors and a continuous cap resistive layer for charge division, possesses two cathodes on top and one anode at the bottom. The PS-SiPM shows an active size of 2.2 mm × 2.2 mm and micro avalanche photodiode cell pitch of ~10 μm. The position measurement error (PME) and position resolution of the device are analyzed. The PME with low mean photoelectron number of approximately 0.11 is 29.6 ± 27.3 μm. The single-photon position resolution is 393.4 μm. When the photoelectron number increases from 1 to 7, the position resolution is improved from 393.4 μm to 56.2 μm. The application of the PS-SiPM in Raman spectroscopy for carbon tetrachloride (CCl) at room temperature shows advantages of both CCD (rapid measurement) and photomultiplier tube (high gain, fast photon response, and simple readout electronics). This novel device concept exhibits potential as a low-cost and high-performance detector for various laser spectroscopies.

Effect of High-Temperature Annealing on Raman Characteristics of Silicon Nanowire Arrays

“…In addition to the main peak with the highest intensity, there are two broad peaks with very weak intensity at 302.06 cm −1 and 964.48 cm −1 , which are transverse optical biphonon peak (2TO) and transverse acoustic biphonon peak (2TA) scattering, respectively. The biphonon peak is caused by two consecutive single-phonon Raman scattering events, so the frequency shift of the biphonon spectrum should be the sum or difference of the single-phonon spectrum frequency shift [26]. The scattering intensities measured in Raman spectra can lead to conclusions concerning microstructural parameters such as bonding, as well as deviations from the ideal crystalline structure [27].…”

High-sensitivity low-noise photodetector using large-area silicon photomultiplier

“…In the case of advanced researches, weak-light detection at a single photon level is often required, such as fluorescence due to a relatively small number of atoms and molecules. Among various highly sensitive photon sensors with single-photon detection capability, silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have recently emerged as high-performance alternative, with significant development and expanding list of applications [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) have high quantum efficiency but too much noise for low photon counts, photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) have low noise but low quantum efficiency.…”